Методические указания

5. Поставьте указательное местоимение that или those. Переведите предложения.

1. 
   Is … your sister over there?
   
2. 
   Look at … wonderful birds!
   
3. 
   Are … shoes yours?
   
4. 
   Do you see … strange house?
   

6. Выберите из скобок нужную форму причастия, перепишите предложения.

1. His hat (blowing, blown) off by the wind was lying in the middle of the street.

2. "How do you like the film?" he asked, (turning, turned) towards me.

3. When we came nearer, we saw two boys (coming, come) towards us.

4. I think that the boy (standing, stood) there is his brother.
 7. Измените предложения по образцу. 
Пример: A telephone call woke me up. – I was woken up by a telephone call. 

1. The secretary is still typing the letter. 
2. Mum cut the meat and chopped it. 
3. Snow covered everything. 
4. The police have been looking for him for a month! 

8. Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя сложное подлежащее.

Пример: We heard that a car stopped outside the door. A car was heard to stop outside the door.



1. People consider the climate there to be very healthful. 2. It was announced that the Chinese dancers were arriving next week. 3. It is expected that the performance will be a success. 4. It is said that the book is popular with both old and young.
9. Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предложениях. 
Пример.: Tom said he would go to see the doctor the next day. – Tom said: “I shall go and see the doctor tomorrow” 

1. She told me she had caught cold. 
2. She said she was feeling bad that day. 
3. The old man told the doctor that he had pain in his right side. 
4. He said he had just been examined by a good doctor. 
10. Переведите на русский язык.
Thermal Transitions Temperatures in Polymers

Thermal transitions temperatures are where the polymers change their state from one form to another just as H2O (not a polymer) is solid below 0 deg C, liquid between 0 and 100 deg C and gas above 100 deg C. In polymers there are three main types of such transitions temperatures.
The Glass Transition Temperatures – Tg

Below this temperature polymers are hard and brittle and above this the polymers are soft and flexible. In injection molded parts, post mold shrinkage will depend upon where the Tg is in relative to the room temperature and/or service temperature. If the Tg is above the room temperature and/or service temperature, post mold shrinkage is minimal. If the Tg is below  room temperature and/or service temperature then post mold shrinkage will continue to take place till equilibrium is reached (think annealing).

During molding, if you set the mold tempertures too low - below the Tg, then you will not let the moecules reach equilibrium and the molded part will have a lot of in-built stress causing failures when a load is applied. The part can also change dimensions resulting in warpage and/or failures in a final assembly. In crstalline materials (see below) the Tc is always higher than the Tg and the mold temperatures should be set close to the TC.

Вариант 7
1.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Continuous, Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.

1. Kate (to cook) dinner every day. 2. Kate (to cook) dinner tomorrow. 3. Kate (to cook) dinner now. 4. Kate (to cook) dinner yesterday.
2. Поставьте недостающие формы неправильных глаголов.

           

Инфинитив                    II форма глагола                             III форма глагола

Пример:      be                                    was/were                                            been

         

… – read – …                 run – ran – …                      see – … – …
3. Составьте предложения.

1. 26 years old / is / Caroline

2. him / I / about the accident / told

3. a mask / on Halloween / Kim / wore

4. tomorrow / we / going / are / to the movie
4.Переведите на английский язык. Напишите прописью.

1. 
   
   

5. Поставьте указательное местоимение this, these, that, those. Переведите предложения.

1. 
   … test is very difficult.
   
2. 
   Is … spoon yours? And are … plates yours too?
   
3. 
   Do you know … singer?
   
4. 
   How much are … teapots?
   

6. Раскройте скобки, употребив причастие прошедшего времени.
1. The letter (to write) by him was very long. 
2. We are interested in the goods (to produce) by this factory. 
3. She didn’t understand the word (to say) by him. 
4. He didn’t see the things (to keep) in her box. 

 7. Измените предложения по образцу. 
Пример: A telephone call woke me up. – I was woken up by a telephone call. 
1. The police have been looking for him for a month! 
2. He described his new flat for me. 
3. Our chief offered me a day- off. 
4. He pointed out the mistake to me. 

8. Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя сложное подлежащее.

Пример: We heard that a car stopped outside the door. A car was heard to stop outside the door.



1. It is believed that the poem was written by an unknown soldier. 2. It is supposed that the playwright is working at a new comedy. 3. It is reported that the flood has caused much damage to the crops. 4. It was supposed that the crops would be rich that year.
9. Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в косвенной речи. Пример: Mother said to me: “Who has brought this parcel?” – Mother asked me who had brought that parcel. 
1. He said to her: “Where do you usually spend your summer holidays?” 
2. Ann said to Mike: “When did you leave London?” 
3. She said to Boris: “When will you be back home?” 
4. Boris said to them: “How can I get to the railway station?” 
10. Переведите на русский язык.
Polymer Viscosity
The study of the viscosity and flow of polymers is called Rheology.

Viscoelasticity

When liquids are subjected to a force, the deformation is permanent. This property is called viscosity. Viscosity also is an indicator of the resistance to flow. Liquids are said to be viscous. When solids, example: metals, are subjected to a certain limited force the deformation is not permanent. When the force is released the solid recovers to its original shape. This property is called elasticity. The word ‘limited’ is used because excessive force causes permanent deformation, another topic of discussion. Plastics exhibit both a viscous component and an elastic component in their solid form and in their molten form. They are said to be viscoelastic and the behavior is called visoelasticity. This can be visualized with the spring and dash pot model.

Newtonian Fluid

A fluid whose viscosity is not influenced by the shear rate that is being applied to it. The viscosity remains constant as the shear changes. Shear rate in injection molding is synonymous to injection speed.

Non-Newtonian Fluid

A fluid whose viscosity changes with the change in the shear rate that is being applied to it. The viscosity does not remain constant as the shear changes.

All plastics are a combination of non – Newtonian and Newtonian behavior. At lower shear rates, the plastic is non-Newtonian but as the shear rate increases, the plastic tends to exhibit a Newtonian behavior. This happens because with increasing shear rate, the polymer molecules start to untangle from each other and start to align themselves in the direction of flow. After a certain shear rate most of the molecules are aligned in the direction of the flow and increasing the injection speed does not further affect the viscosity.

Вариант 8
1.Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен: Present Continuous, Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.

1. I (not to eat) ice-cream every day. 2. I (not to eat) ice-cream now, 3. I (not to eat) ice-cream tomorrow. 4. I (not to eat) ice-cream yesterday.
2. Поставьте недостающие формы неправильных глаголов.

           

Инфинитив                    II форма глагола                             III форма глагола

Пример:      be                                    was/were                                            been

         

… – …. – sold                 … – sang – …               speak – …. – ….
3. Составьте предложения.

4.Напишите следующие цифры порядковыми числительными.

• 
  
  

5.Поставьте указательное местоимение this или these. Переведите предложения.

5. 
   Jack, … is my wife. And … are my children.
   
6. 
   How much are … roses?
   
7. 
   I don’t like … magazine.
   
8. 
   Sam, take … suitcases into the car.
   

6. Раскройте скобки, употребив причастие прошедшего времени.


1. I don’t like the video (to buy) yesterday. 
2. This is the house (to build) many years ago. 
3. The question (to put) to the professor was important. 
4. When (to offer) to work abroad, he refused. 

7.Замените действительный залог страдательным, обращая внимание на место предлога. 
1. The senior students laughed at the freshman. 
2. The group spoke tom the dean yesterday. 
3. Young mothers looked after their babies with great care. 
4. Nobody lived in that old house. 

8. Перефразируйте следующие предложения, употребляя сложное подлежащее.

Пример: We heard that a car stopped outside the door. A car was heard to stop outside the door.



1. It has been found that this mineral water is very good for the liver. 2. Scientists consider that electricity exists throughout space. 3. It is said that the weather in Europe was exceedingly hot last summer. 4. It was reported that five ships were missing after the battle
9. Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в косвенной речи. Пример: Mother said to me: “Who has brought this parcel?” – Mother asked me who had brought that parcel. 

1. Mary asked Tom: “What time will you come here tomorrow?” 
2. She asked me: “Why didn’t you come here yesterday?” 
3. I said to Nick: “Where are you going?” 
4. I said to him: “How long are you going to stay here?” 
10. Переведите на русский язык.
The carburetor
The carburetor works on Bernoulli's principle: the faster air moves, the lower its static pressure, and the higher its dynamic pressure. The throttle (accelerator) linkage does not directly control the flow of liquid fuel. Instead, it actuates carburetor mechanisms which meter the flow of air being pulled into the engine. The speed of this flow, and therefore its pressure, determines the amount of fuel drawn into the airstream.

When carburetors are used in aircraft with piston engines, special designs and features are needed to prevent fuel starvation during inverted flight. Later engines used an early form of fuel injection known as a pressure carburetor.

Most production carbureted, as opposed to fuel-injected, engines have a single carburetor and a matching intake manifold that divides and transports the air fuel mixture to the intake valves, though some engines (like motorcycle engines) use multiple carburetors on split heads. Multiple carburetor engines were also common enhancements for modifying engines in the USA from the 1950s to mid-1960s, as well as during the following decade of high-performance muscle cars fueling different chambers of the engine's intake manifold.

Older engines used updraft carburetors, where the air enters from below the carburetor and exits through the top. This had the advantage of never flooding the engine, as any liquid fuel droplets would fall out of the carburetor instead of into the intake manifold; it also lent itself to use of an oil bath air cleaner, where a pool of oil below a mesh element below the carburetor is sucked up into the mesh and the air is drawn through the oil-covered mesh; this was an effective system in a time when paper air filters did not exist.