Содержание) Section I. Information Technology (Информационные технологии) Section I. Information Technology (Информационные технологии)
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ВЫВОДЫ: разработана рецептура фитокомпозиции «Гепафуд», создана технология производства и организован выпуск продукта, обладающего гепатопротекторными свойствами с лечебно-профилактической и заместительной активностью. Литература
Section VII. Veterinary science (Ветеринария) Mourad Maalouf Bechara Toni, Aleshkevish V.N., Kracoshka P.A. Ph.D. students, Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine Vitebsk, Republic of Belarus THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VETERINARY DRUGS ALVEOSANUM AND BACINILLUM WHEN VACCINATING AGAINST RINGWORMS IN CATTLE Introduction: Dermatophytosis (ringworms) – Has continued to be a problem for animal husbandry in the Republic of Belarus and other countries worldwide. Complex measures though suppression to ringworms has been the leading role to specific prophylaxis. However, incitation in young cattle do not always produce the expected results, due to the immunosuppressive state in the immune system to influence various adverse factors associated primarily to poor feeding and keeping animals in unsanitary conditions. Due to this, improving the effectiveness immunization, along with the improved conditions in keeping and feeding of animals is a must. Immune-stimulating drug causes major importance on the effects of stimulation and incitation on the post-vaccination immunity. Throughout the normalization processes of physiological and functional state in the immune system, aiming in providing complete immune response, leading to the formation of a long-term lasting immunity in vaccinated calves [1, 4]. When there are imbalances between useful neutral micro-flora and potentially pathogenic bacteria defenses are weakened, there are diseases [2, 3]. The aim of the research is a comparative study by the influence of the immune stimulatory drug "Alveosanum" and the probiotic "Bacinillum" on the immunological resistance in the organism of calves, throughout the process of vaccination by dry-live vaccine against ringworms for cattle. Materials and Methods Research: The experiment shows a comparative study on the effective influence in provoking "Alveosanum" and "Bacinillum" on the immune reactivity of cattle after vaccination against ringworms held by SF "Clivci" PMC "Obldorstroi" district of Liozno, Vitebsk region, Republic of Belarus. It involves 4 groups of black-motley breed calves at the age of 20 days live weight around 25-40 kg that were subject to vaccination against ringworms: - 1st Group - 7 calves were treated during the vaccination period with drug "Alvеosanum" in intramuscularly form, in the area of the cereals in a dosage of 1 ml/50 kg."Alvеosanum" was given in 2 days period repeatedly. -2nd Group – 7 calves were orally given the probiotic "Bacinillum" during the period of vaccination against ringworms and the following two days in a dosage of 10 ml per animal. - 3rd Group – 7 calves were vaccinated only dry-live vaccine against ringworms of cattle production of JSC "Belvitunifarm" according to the instruction for use of this biological product. - 4th Group – 5 calves served as a control, treatments were not subjected. The probiotic veterinary drug "Baсinillum" – is a liquid of non-cellular preparation, on the base of metabolic products of spore-forming bacteria Bacillus subtilis BIM B-454 D, obtained by the submergence cultivation of bacteria and subsequently of cells and spores separation. The immune stimulatory veterinary drug "Alveosanum" is a sterile colorless liquid with specific odor, containing 1cm3 400,0 µg of dry matter from lipopolysaccharides derived from bacterial masses of rottenness causative agent of European bees Bacillus alvei (strain КМИЭВ-11). The drug is intended for the correction of immunity with age and acquired immune-deficiencies resulting from viral, bacterial and parasitical diseases of animals and birds having complex regimen treatments, for relieving the immune-depressive effect of chemotherapeutic drugs. In calves, we took blood and faeces samples prior to immunization, 10 days after the 1st vaccination and, on the 30th day after the 2nd vaccination which had been determined the hematological and biochemical parameters using analyzers Medonic CA-620 and Cormay Lumen, as well as determining, the micro-flora of the gastrointestinal tract of animals bactericidal (BASK), lysozyme (LACK), phagocyte activity and phagocyte index of blood serum. The Research Results: The research has established that, in studying the micro-biocenosis in all groups , have noted a similar picture of the composition of the micro-flora in the intestine. The contents of the obligate micro-flora in all calves were reduced, which have been observed by the growth of facultative and pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, the number of bifidobacteria in calves, taken in the experiment didn’t exceed 4 – 5 lg CFU/g of faeces, and lactobacilli – 4 – 6 lg CFU/g of feces. Calves that were orally given the probiotic drug "Bacinillum" during vaccination within three days, hindered the development of a population of staphylococci, yeast-like fungi and opportunistic enterobacteria.Moreover, contributing to the increase in the number of E. coli with normal enzymatic activity, inhibiting the appearance of the hemolytic strains and strains with altered enzymatic activity, therefore stimulating the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli from the levels of 9.66 ± 0,33 – 9,9 ± 0,1 lg CFU/g to, 9,84 ± 0,5 – 10,86 ± 0,12 lg CFU/g in feces, respectively. In studying the factors of nonspecific resistance of calves, vaccinated by dry-live vaccine against ringworms produced by the JSC "Belvitunifarm" with the application of "Alveosanum" and "Bacinillum", caused an increase in the bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum of calves, compared to the of animal groups vaccinated only with ringworms vaccine. So, bactericidal activity indicator, in vaccinated calves, that were immunized by the immune stimulatory drug "Alveosanum" showed – 43,25 1,08%, after the 2nd immunization was – 48,62 0,38%, and 30 days after the 2nd immunization reached – 59,45 0,32%, and within 60 days – 57,25 0,34%. While the use of probiotic preparation "Bacinillum" showed an increase in the BASK indicator respectively – 44,18 1,14%, – 50,3 0,34%, – 65,55 0,21%, – 60,64 0,05%. The rate in the control group was higher in immunized animals, than in animals without provocation showing a 9,59 – 15,69% authenticity showing (P< 0.001).While the figures of animals immunized by "Bacinillum" and with the vaccine; were higher from the 1st group that were immunized by "Alveosanum", authenticity showing (P< 0.001). When studying lysozyme activity, calves of all experimented groups, had been realized with an intensify raise by the second immunization, on the other hand significant difference compared with the data before the experiment was not observed. In immunized calves of the 1st group (vaccine + Alveosanum) was recorded within – 4,34 0.16%, also in the 2nd group (vaccine + Bacinillum) was – 4,16 0.23%, and 3rd group (vaccine) – 4,16 0,11%. Indicators before the 2nd immunization were respectively – 5,33 0,27%, – 5,26 0,2%, – 4,34 0,2%, without an authenticity (P≥ 0,05). On the 30th day after the 2nd vaccination, rates of (LASK) in animals of experimental groups were significantly enhanced relatively up to in the 1st group – 5,76 0.1%, and 2nd group an increase – 5,73 0.15%, with an authenticity (P≤ 0.001), but there had be a difference in the 3rd group – 4,62 0,26 without authenticity (P≥ 0,05). Then after 60 days of the 2nd immunization (LASK) in animals of all groups decreases reaching, respectively – 5,22 0,16%, – 5,36 0,11%, – 4,28 0,05. It should be noted that differences in rates of (LASK) in calves of 1st and 2nd groups weren’t showing significant authenticity (P≥ 0,05). In addition, the relations of phagocyte activity, with respect to the leukocyte and phagocyte indexes have been observed in the experimented groups of calves. The FA of blood leukocytes in calves under the influence of the immune stimulatory veterinary drug "Alveosanum" and the probiotic "Bacinillum" were respectively, before provocation in the 1st , 2nd and 3rd groups showed – 58,33 1,76, – 59,66 1,76, – 57,33 0,66 as well as, after the 1st immunization registered respectively, 61,33 1,76, – 61,66 0,66, – 59,0 1,15 and with respect to the 30th day after the 2nd vaccination showing an increase at – 68,2 1,08, 68,82 1,4, – 61,33 0,66, and at last, on the 60th day after the 2nd vaccination levels FA were decreased to – 67,6 1,1, – 66,6 0,4, – 57,32 0,6. Whereas, phagocytic index FI of blood leukocytes in calves though the influence of the immune stimulatory drug "Alveosanum" and probiotic drug "Bacinillum" before immunization period registered accordingly to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd groups – 1,82 0,03, – 1,94 0,09, – 1,81 0,05 respectively. While, after the 1st immunization period showed a slight increase in the fractions in the 3 groups as a whole, showing respectively 2,13 0,11, 2,15 0,11, 2,03 0,27. After 30 days of the second immunization there was an increase in the figures to 2,85 0,3, 2,87 0,11, 2,18 0,12.On the other hand, by the 60th day of the second immunization a realized slight increase to 2,92 0,3, 2,85 0,15, 2,06 0,16. However, the difference in the performance of animals of 1st and 2nd groups in this case weren’t showing any authenticity (P≥ 0,05). On the contrary, there hasn’t been a change in the indicators of control groups in calves which had registered a difference in the experiment in the levels of BASK –43,35 0,38% , – 44,23 1,1%, also with the respect to LASK– 4,12 0,12%, – 4,36 0,3%, also FA –58,33 0,46, – 61,24 1,16 and last FI results showing –1,72 0,13, – 1,96 0,2 Conclusion: Immunization of calves with a dry-live vaccine against ringworms of cattle, together with the probiotic drug "Bacinillum", as similar to the immunization with, the immune stimulatory drug "Alveosanum", contribute to the activation of specific and nonspecific, cellular and hormonal factors in the organism of animals. Literature 1. Aznabaeva, L.F. Functional activity of neutrophils in patients with zooantroponoznyh ringworms in children with complex treatment with the use of the probiotic, Bactisporine / L.F. Aznabaeva, O.R. Mukhamadeev, Khismatulin Z.R., T.N. Kuznetsova, A.I. Bulgakov // Immunopathology, Allergology, Infectology. –M., 2004 -№4 -Ps.53-64. 2. Immunity and its correction / Krasochko P. A. [and others]; scientific. by P.A. Krasochko. – Smolensk, 2001 – P.340 3. Stimulation of post-vaccination immunity in calves after vaccination against Trichophytosis / N.I. Labusov, V.N. Aleshkevich, V.S. Prudnikov, P.A. Krasochko //scientific papers/ the Institution of education "Vitebsk State Academy of Veterinary Medicine" - Vitebsk, 2003. - Vol. 39, P. 1. - Ps. 69-71. 4. Tarakanov, B.V. Mechanism of action of probiotics on the microflora of the digestive tract and the body of animals // veterinary medicine. – 2000-№1 - Ps.47-55. |
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