Тест 4
Условные предложения
1. If you ... come too, it would be very nice.
-
a) can
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c) was able to
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b) could
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d) were able to
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2. If she ... the telephone, she would never have heard the good news
-
a) answered
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c) had answered
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b) didn’t answered
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d) hadn’t answered
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3. We ... the play better if it had not been so long.
-
a) enjoyed
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c) have enjoyed
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b) should enjoy
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d) should have enjoyed
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4. You ... speak English better if you study harder.
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a) had to
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c) would be able to
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b) will be able to
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d) would be able
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5. If I ... a ghost, I should try to frighten all the people I dislike.
-
a) am
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c) were
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b) was
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d) shall be
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6. If you had done as I told you, you ... .
-
a) succeeded
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c) would succeed
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b) had succeeded
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d) would have succeeded
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7. If I had lost the spectacles yesterday, I ... read the letter now.
-
a) could not
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c) were not able to
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b) was not able to
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d) should not have been able to
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8. If men ... only more reasonable, there would be no more war.
-
a) was
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c) will be
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b) were
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d) would be
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9. I ... to meet you at the station if I had known you wanted me to.
-
a) should go
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c) should have gone
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b) would go
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d) would have gone
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10. I should never have known the answer if you ... it to me.
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a) do not whisper
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c) have not whispered
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b) did not whisper
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d) had not whispered
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11. If I had one million dollars, I ... a yacht.
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a) shall buy
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c) should buy
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b) bought
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d) would buy
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12. I’m sure she will do well if she ... to the University.
-
a) go
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c) went
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b) goes
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d) would go
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13. If the dog ... us, we should have never heard the burglar.
-
a) would not wake
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c) has not woken
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b) didn’t wake
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d) had not woken
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14. Blackpool ... ideal for a holiday, if there were not so many people there.
-
a) were
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c) would be
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b) will be
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d) would have been
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15. The child would have been killed if the train ... quickly.
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a) didn’t stop
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c) wouldn’t stop
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b) hadn’t stop
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d) wouldn’t have stopped
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16. If we had some bread , we ... some bread and cheese if we had some cheese!
-
a) could have
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c) could have had
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b) were able to have
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d) had had
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17. We are going to play tennis this afternoon if it ... raining.
-
a) stop
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c) stopped
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b) stops
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d) will stop
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18. If you could type, you ... a job easily.
-
a) get
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c) should get
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b) got
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d) would get
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19. I ... sooner if I had known you were here.
-
a) came
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c) should come
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b) would come
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d) should have come.
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20. Tell him he must visit the Tower if he ever ... to London.
-
a) go
|
c) will go
|
b) goes
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d) would go
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21. My uncle could help us if he ... here
-
a) is
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c) were
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b) was
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d) would be
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22. If they hadn’t told us, we ... the way.
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a) didn’t find
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c) shouldn’t find
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b) hadn’t found
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d) shouldn’t have found
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23. I shall have to buy a thick coat if the weather ... colder.
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a) get
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c) will get
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b) gets
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d) have got
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24. If the weather were nice, we ... go to the country.
-
a) could
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c) were able
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b) was able to
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d) should be able to
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25. If he buys a house for $8,000 and sells it for $11,000, he ... a good profit.
-
a) make
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c) will make
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b) makes
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d) would make
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Тесты на проверку понимания текстов профессионально-ориентированной тематики.
TEST 1
READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXT
MACHINE TOOLS
Machine-tools are used to shape metals and other materials. The material to be shaped is called the workpiece. Most machine-tools are now electrically driven. Machine tools with electrical drive are faster and more accurate than hand tools: they were an important element in the development of mass production processes, as they allowed individual parts to be made in large numbers so as to be interchangeable.
All machine-tools have facilities for holding both the workpiece and the tool, and for accurately controlling the movement of the cutting tool relatively to the workpiece. Most machining operations generate large amounts of heat, and cooling fluids (usually a mixture of water and oils) must be used for cooling and lubrication.
Machine-tools usually work materials mechanically but other machining methods have been developed lately. They include chemical machining, spark erosion to machine very hard materials to any shape by means of a continuous high-voltage spark (discharge) between an electrode and a workpiece. Other machining methods include drilling using ultrasound, and cutting by means of a laser beam. Numerical control of machine-tools and flexible manufacturing systems have made it possible for complete systems of machine-tools to be used flexibly for the manufacture of a range of products.
LATHE
Lathe is still the most important machine-tool. It produces parts of circular cross-section by turning the workpiece on its axis and cutting its surface with a sharp stationary tool. The tool may be moved sideways to produce a cylindrical part and moved towards the workpiece to control the depth of cut. Nowadays all lathes are power-driven by electric motors. That allows continuous rotation of the workpiece at a variety of speeds. The modern lathe is driven by means of a headstock supporting a hollow spindle on accurate bearings and carrying either a chuck or a faceplate, to which the workpiece is clamped. The movement of the tool, both along the lathe bed and at right angle to it, can be accurately controlled, so enabling a part to be machined to close tolerances. Modern lathes are often under numerical control.
2. CHOOSE THE BEST VARIANT
1.All machine-tools have … for holding both the workpiece and the tool.
a) services b) facilities
c) abilities d) accomodations
2. Machining operations … large amounts of heat.
a) produce b) use
c) generate d) consume
3. The material to be … is called the workpiece.
a) produced b) purchased
c) sold d) shaped
4. Cooling fluids are usually a … of water and oils.
a) mixture b) composition
c) opposition d) liquid
5. Machine tools with electrical drive are faster and more accurate than...
a) support b) hand tools
c) you expect d) it is desired
6. New machining … have been developed lately.
a) techniques b) ways
c) methods d) systems
7. Machine-tools are used to shape metals and other...
a) structures b) formations
c) plastic items d) materials
8. Machine-tools usually work materials...
a) mechanically b) reflexively
c) automatically d) unconsciously
9. Chemical machining is an example of … which have been developed lately.
a) mechanical patterns b) machining methods
c) accurate items d) demand and supply
10. Other machining methods include drilling using …, and cutting by means of a laser beam.
a) nana technologies b) modern technologies
c) ultrasound d) supersound
11. Modern … are often under numerical control.
a) computers b) facilities
c) workpieces d) lathes
12. Lathe produces parts of circular cross-section by … the workpiece on its axis.
a) turning b) holding
c) fixing d) correcting
13. Nowadays lathe is one of the most important ...
a) gargets b) machine-tools
c) problems d) facilities
14. Today all lathes are …-driven by electric motors.
a) hand b) manually
c) power d) automatically
15. The movement of the … can be accurately controlled in a lathe.
a) device b) apparatus
c) instrument d) tool
16. We can … the speeds of workpiece rotation in a lathe.
a) change b) preserve
c) control d) maintain
17. With the help of machine-tools parts can be made with close ...
a) charities b) tolerances
c) acceptances d) permission of volumes
18. The modern lathe is driven by means of a … supporting a hollow spindle on accurate bearings.
a) computer b) programming machine
c) headstock d) shelf
19. The workpiece is fixed in the machine tool … machining.
a) during b) while
c) after d) before
20. Lathes have a wide … of feeds and speeds.
a) range b) number
c) sum d) line characteristics
Keys to MACHINE TOOLS:
1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a, 5-b, 6-c, 7-d, 8-a, 9-b, 10-c, 11-d, 12-a, 13-b, 14-c, 15-d, 16-a, 17-b, 18-c, 19-d, 20-a
TEST 2
1.READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXT
EXAMPLES OF AUTOMATION
Manufacturing is one of the most important application fields for automation technology. There are several types of automation in manufacturing. The examples of automated systems used in manufacturing are described below.
1.Fixed automation, sometimes called ”hard automation” refers to automated machines in which the equipment configuration allows fixed sequence of processing operations. These machines are programmed by their design to make only certain processing operations. They are not easily changed over from one product to another. This form of automation needs high initial investments and high production rates. That is why it is suitable for products that are made in large volumes. Examples of fixed automation are machining transfer lines found in the automobile industry, automatic assembly machines and certain chemical processes.
2. Programmable automation is a form of automation for producing products in large quantities, ranging from several dozen to several thousand units at a time. For each new product the production equipment must be reprogrammed and changed over. This reprogramming and changeover take a period of non-productive time. Production rates in programmable automation are generally lower than in fixed automation, because the equipment is designed to facilitate product changeover rather than for product specialization. A numerical-control machine-tool is a good example of programmable automation. The programme is coded in computer memory for each different product style and the machine-tool is controlled by the computer programme.
3. Flexible automation is a kind of programmable automation. Programmable automation requires time to reprogram and change over the production equipment for each series of new product. This is lost production time, which is expensive. In flexible automation the number of products is limited so that the changeover of the equipment can be done very quickly and automatically. The reprogramming of the equipment in flexible automation is done at a computer terminal without using the production equipment itself. Flexible automation allows a mixture of different products to be produced one right after another.
2. CHOOSE THE BEST VARIANT
1.Fixed automation refers to automated machines in which the … allows fixed sequence of processing operations.
a) equipment structure b) equipment configuration
c) machine pattern d) machine shape
2. Machines are programmed by their design to make certain … operations.
a) monitoring b) controlling
c) processing d) managing
3. Forms of automation need high initial ...
a) manufacture b) creativity
c) determination d) investments
4. Automation is suitable for products that are made in large ...
a) volumes b) cities
c) shops d) ranges
5. Machining … can be found in the automobile industry and automatic assembly machines.
a) transfer lines b) production equipment
c) processing d) manufacturing
6. Programmable automation is a form of automation for … products in large quantities.
a) programming b) producing
c) realization d) selling
7. For each new product the … must be reprogrammed and changed over.
a) production image b) expensive equipment
c) production equipment d) level of productivity
8. … in programmable automation are generally lower than in fixed automation.
a). Production costs b). Profits
c). Production rates d). Losses
9. In flexible automation the number of … is limited.
a) machines b) applications
c) technologies d) products
10. The reprogramming of the equipment in flexible automation is done at a ...
a) computer terminal b) assembly hall
c) inspection office d) numerical control
11. The most important application of automation is …
a) the introduction of computers b) automatic devices
c) monitoring d) manufacturing
12. The most familiar example of automation is a(n) …
a) assembly plant b) production complex
c) automobile industry d) area of economy
13. The types of automation used in manufacturing are …
a) fixed, programmable and rigid b) fixed, programmable and flexible
c) sliding, programmable and flexible d) fixed, important and flexible
14. The reprogramming and changeover take a period of …time.
a) additional b) productive
c) non-productive d) extra
15. The number of products is limited in flexible automation so the changeover of the … can be done very quickly and automatically.
a) software b) hardware
c) working terms d) equipment
16. Flexible automation allows a mixture of different products to be … one right after another.
a) sold b) produced
c) bought d) presented
17. In case of programmable automation the … is controlled by the computer programme.
a) machine-tool b) product
c) changeover d) technology
18. Fixed automation, programmable automation and flexible automation are different examples of …
a) modernization b) automation
c) stability d) small business
19. The programme is coded in … for each different product style in case of programmable automation.
a) Microsoft b) Web browser
c) computer memory d) Internet
20. In case of automation equipment is designed to … product changeover rather than for product specialization.
a) make harm for b) help
c) simplify d) facilitate
Ke:1-b, 2-c, 3-d, 4-a, 5-a, 6-b, 7-c, 8-c, 9-d, 10-a, 11-d, 12-a, 13-b, 14-c, 15-d, 16-b, 17-a, 18-b, 19-c, 20-d
Итоговый лексико-грамматические тест.
Задания по грамматике
Выберите правильный вариант перевода из предложенных альтернатив.
We know heat to be a form of energy.
Мы знаем, что тепло является формой энергии.
Известно, что тепло является формой энергии.
Тепло – это известная форма энергии.
The hydropower stations are known to be constructed on rivers.
Известно, что гидростанции строятся на реках.
Известны гидростанции, которые строятся на реках.
Гидростанции строятся на известных реках.
They want us to measure the value of the voltage.
Они хотят, чтобы мы измерили величину напряжения.
Они хотят измерить величину напряжения.
Они хотели измерить величину напряжения для нас.
They did not know us to have worked abroad.
Они не знали, что мы работали за границей.
Они не знали, что мы будем работать за границей.
Они знали, что мы работали за границей.
This specialist is said to be working in America.
Говорят, что этот специалист сейчас работает в Америке.
Этот специалист, как говорят, работал в Америке.
Говорят, что этот специалист будет работать в Америке.
The instrument to be used was constructed in our laboratory.
Прибор, который будет использован, был построен в нашей лаборатории.
Используемый прибор был построен в нашей лаборатории.
Использовался прибор, построенный в нашей лаборатории.
The substances utilized neutralized each other.
Использованные вещества нейтрализовали друг друга.
Использующиеся вещества нейтрализовали друг друга.
Используя вещества, они нейтрализовали друг друга.
When passing through a motor the electric current can do work.
Проходя через мотор, электрический ток может совершить работу.
Пройдя через мотор, электрический ток может совершить работу.
Электрический ток, проходящий через мотор, может совершить работу.
Having made many tests we obtained good results.
Сделав много тестов, мы получили хорошие результаты.
Делая много тестов, мы получили хорошие результаты.
Делающие много тестов получают хорошие результаты.
The device being tested was designed by our engineers.
Проверяемый прибор был сконструирован нашими инженерами.
Проверенный прибор был сконструирован нашими инженерами.
Сконструированный прибор был проверен нашими инженерами.
Some materials are magnetized when rubbed.
Некоторые материалы намагничиваются, когда их натирают.
Натертые материалы намагничиваются.
Намагниченные материалы натираются.
The production of light by an electric current _________heating effect.
is called
is calling
calls
Задания по лексике
Выберите правильный вариант из предложенных альтернатив.
………………………………… is used for generating small currents.
Battery
Motor
Generator
…………………..transforms electric energy into mechanical energy.
Motor
Generator
Transformer
Insulators are materials having …………………………...
high resistance
low resistance
no resistance
An electron is ………………………………...
a negatively charged particle
a positively charged particle
a particle with no charge
………………….is a device for changing electric current from one voltage to another.
Transformer
Motor
Generator
Power stations ………………………….. electric energy.
generate
consume
convert
…………………………….. flows in one direction only.
Direct current
Alternating current
Pulsating current
Silver is a …………………………………..
conductor
insulator
semiconductor
Ответьте на вопросы, выбрав правильный вариант
What device is used for measuring the electric pressure?
voltmeter
ammeter
ohmmeter
What device converts mechanical energy into electrical one?
generator
motor
battery
What is the function of electrical meters?
to measure current
to convert energy
to transmit voltage
For what is rubber used?
for insulating wires
for conducting current
for lighting streets
What is the unit of the electric current?
ampere
volt
watt
Работа с текстом
Прочтите текст и выполните задания к нем.
1. Any instrument which measures electrical values is called a meter. A meter measures the current in amperes. The unit is named after Andre Marie Ampere, a French scientist, who discovered a great number of facts about electricity over a hundred years ago. The abbreviation for the ampere is amp. A voltmeter measures the voltage and the potential difference in volts. The volt is named after Alessandro Volta, an Italian scientist.
2. The current in a conductor is determined by two things, the voltage across the conductor and the resistance of the conductor. Every material offers some resistance to the flow of an electric current through it. Good conductors like metals (copper, silver and aluminium) offer very little resistance, while nonconductors such as glass, wood, and paper offer a very high resistance.
3. The unit by which resistance is measured is called the ohm. The resistance in practice is measured with ohmmeter. A wattmeter measures electrical power in watts. Very delicate ammeters are often used for measuring very small currents. A meter whose scale is calibrated to read a thousandth of an ampere is called a milliammeter. One whose scale is calibrated in millionth of an ampere is called a microammeter or galvanometer.
4. Whenever an ammeter or voltmeter is connected to a circuit to measure electric current or potential difference the ammeter must be connected in series and the voltmeter in parallel.
Какой заголовок подойдет к данному тексту:
Electric measuring units and instruments
Electric measuring instruments
Electric measuring units
Расположите предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.
An ammeter is an instrument measuring the value of the electric current.
A voltmeter measures the potential difference.
Resistance is measured in ohms and power in watts.
An ammeter and a voltmeter are connected to the electric circuit differently.
В каком абзаце текста дается ответ на вопрос: What does the value of the electric current in a conductor depend on?
2
1
3
4
Является ли данное утверждение The electric instrument measuring the electric current is connected to a circuit in parallel.
ложным
истинным
нет информации в тексте
Ответьте на вопрос, выбрав правильный вариант – What materials offer the least resistance to the flow of an electric current through them?
conductors
non conductors
insulators
Тексты для итогового контроля.
Тексты для письменного перевода со словарем.
Текст 1. Social impact. Read and translate the text in a written form.
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