Фонд оценочных средств по дисциплине (модулю) Основы теории английского языка

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Типовые контрольные задания или иные материалы, необходимые для оценки планируемых результатов обучения по дисциплине, характеризующих этапы формирования компетенций в процессе освоения образовательной программы

1-2 семестры (теоретическая фонетика)

Примеры практических заданий:

SEMINAR 1

CLASSIFICATION OF CONSONANTS

Choose which is the right definition of the term. Name the consonants which answer the definition.

Occlusive-constrictive consonants (affricates)

sounds which are produced with an incomplete obstruction,
sounds which are produced with a complete obstruction which is then slowly released,
sounds which are produced with a complete obstruction which is not released;

Constrictive noise consonants (fricatives)

sounds which are produced with a complete obstruction which is then quickly released;
sounds which are produced with a complete obstruction which is then slowly released;
sounds which are produced with an incomplete obstruction, the air passes with audible friction;

Constrictive sonorants

sounds which are produced with an incomplete obstruction,
sounds which are produced with a complete obstruction,
sounds which are produced with an incomplete obstruction, the air passes with audible friction;

Dental consonants

sounds produced with the blade of the tongue against the alveolar ridge,
sounds produced with the tip of the tongue against the upper teeth,
sounds produced with the tip of the tongue doesn’t touch the alveolar ridge and is curved back;

Apical consonants

sounds articulated by the tip of the tongue against the upper teeth or the alveolar ridge,
sounds articulated when the blade of the tongue is raised to the hard palate;

Forelingual consonants

sounds articulated with the front of the tongue against the hard palate,
sounds articulated by the blade or tip of the tongue against the upper teeth or the alveolar ridge;

Bilabial consonants

sounds articulated by the two lips,
sounds articulated with the lower lip against the upper teeth;

Lenis consonants

sounds produced with great muscular tension,
sounds which are relatively week.

Choose the correct answer to the question:

1. What is the difference in articulation of the sounds [s] and [z]?

a) in the position of the tongue,

b) in the position of the soft palate,

c)in the work of the vocal cords;

2. What is the difference in articulation of the sounds [ð] and [d]?

a) in the position of the active organ of speech,

b) in the work of the vocal cords,

c) in the position of the soft palate;

3. What is the difference in articulation of the sounds [p] and [w]?

a) in the active organ of speech,

b) in the position of the soft palate,

c) in the type of obstruction.

4. What is the difference in articulation of the sounds[ ʃ ] and [h]?

a) in the position of the soft palate,

b) in the type of obstruction,

c) in the in the active organ of speech;

5. What is the difference in articulation of the sounds [ m ] and [b]?

a) in the position of the soft palate,

b) in the active organ of speech,

c) in the work of the vocal cords.

III. Cross out the wrong characteristics of the sound

[t] a) plosive b) voiceless c) labio-dental;
[ʒ] a)post-alveolar b) voiced c) fricative
[θ] a) voiceless b) apical c) occlusive
[v] a) labio-dental b) nasal c) fricative
[ʤ] a) post-alveolar b) affricate c) lenis
[l] a) apical b) lenis c) alveolar
[r] a) constrictive b) mediolingual c) oral
[g] a) backlingual b) affricate c) lenis

IV. Which sounds do not belong to the groups:

occlusive voiced plosives [k], [g], [m], [n], [p], [b], [t],[d]
constrictive [f], [v], [w], [ʤ] , [ ʧ ]
constrictive sonorants [w], [j], [l], [n]
occlusive-constrictive [ʤ] , [ ʧ ], [ʒ], [ ʃ ]
palate-alveolar [ʒ], [ ʃ ], [s], [z]
bilabial [w], [m], [n], [p], [b]
forelingual apical [n], [r], [s], [z], [l], [d]

SEMINAR 5

Syllable structure

Transcribe the following words and define the number of syllables. Say what sound is syllabic.

narrate, drawer, stupid, experiment, dragon, Germany;
parcel, level, puzzle, ruffle, trouble, twelfth, apple;
lesson, reason, person, kitchen, often, even, twenty, fashion;
bluish, freer, chaos, diary, coward, diamond

Transcribe the words. Split them into syllables. Read them.

people, army, certainly, starvation, defend, thirteen;
city, pity, butter, bitter, goggles, mingle, squirrel
repeat, engage, react, complete, machine, behave, moustache

Read the following pairs of sentences. Concentrate your attention on correct syllable division at the junction of words.

One must have a name. ------ One must have an aim.

They lived in a nice house. ----- They lived in an ice house.

His black tie disagreed with his appearance. ----- His blacked eye disagreed with his appearance.

It was just the time to support the peace talks. ----- It was just the time to support the pea stalks.

If you see Mable, tell me about it. -----If you seem able, tell me about it.

I saw the meat in the kitchen. ------- I saw them eat in the kitchen.

Transcribe the words below. Arrange them in columns according to their accentual pattern.

aberrate, aberration, actualize, actualization, modify, modification, dominate, domination, clarify, clarification
accentuate, accentuation, accommodate, accommodation, Americanize, Americanization, administrate, administration

Read the following sentences. Mind word stress in compound nouns and in word combinations:

He is in the greenhouse. (a building made of glass used for flowers and plants) – He is in the green house.
We saw some blackbirds. (a kind of wild bird) – We saw some black birds.
Do you need a blackboard? (a large piece of wood pained black to write with chalk on it) – Do you need a black board?
He is in the darkroom. (a room used in photography)- He is in the dark room.
He lives in a lighthouse. (a tall tower with a light to warn ships)-He lives in a light house.
Does he live in the White House? (the residence of the President of the USA) – Does he live in the white house?
Have you ever seen a horsefly? (a particular kind of fly) – Have you ever seen a horse fly?

Read the sentences aloud.

This article is for export only. This country exports much wool.
Where’s my gramophone record? These instruments record weather conditions.
I disapprove of his conduct. He will conduct the meeting tomorrow.
You have made slow progress in English, I am sorry. The work will progress gradually.
He speaks with a perfect accent. You are to accent the words correctly.
Where’s the object in these sentence? I object to your last remark.
You need a permit to go there. Will you permit me to say a few words?
Rain is quite frequent here. I used to frequent the park there.
You could see every detail of the picture. He couldn’t detail all the facts.

QUESTIONS

What is a syllable?
What sounds can form the peak of a syllable?
What sonorous sounds are syllabic?
When does a sonorant lose its syllabic character?
Why is it important to know the syllable boundaries in a word?
Where does the syllable boundary go in words with an intervocalic consonant? Give examples.
What is the peculiarity of the syllable boundary with two consonants?
What is the difference between English and Russian in respect of degrees of word stress?
What is the difference in the accentual structure of compound nouns, adjectives, verbs?
What kind of accentual oppositions are capable of differentiating the meaning?

Образец тестового задания:

Say whether the following statement is true (T) or false (F):

The higher a speaker’s social status and the more formal a speech situation, the less likely dialect forms are.

What are the two dialect continua dialectologists speak about?

Geographical and ethnical,
Geographical and social,
Social and economic.

Name the main division of Traditional Dialects of England.

Correct the following wrong statement:

The smaller the geographical separation, the greater the difficulty of comprehension.

A situation of communication is defined by:

Social status, age, time of the day ,
Geographical separation, social status, degree of spontaneity,
Purpose, participants, setting.

Correct the following wrong statement:

The majority of Informants in dialect studies have always consisted of mobile, older, rural females.

Attach definitions SOUND SYMBOLISM, FILLERS, REPETITIONS to the 3 sets of examples :

a) well, well, well;

b) you see; you know; let me think;

c) oops, ouch, achoo.

Onomatopea is …

Vocalization of consonants,
Sound-imitating,
Making speech sound nice to the ear.

Chose the phonetic stylistic device used in a fragment:

She sells sea-shells down by the sea shore.

Assonance b)alliteration c) cacophony

Chose the phonetic stylistic device used in a fragment:

…and gleaming and streaming and steaming and beaming, and rushing and flushing and blushing and gushing…

a) Assonance b) alliteration c) cacophony

11. National variant is:

a) variety of language spoken by socially or locally limited number of people;

b) the language determined by political and economic conditions of the nation formation;

c) dialect used by most educated members of population.

12. RP is:

a) accepted or approved pronunciation;

b) English spoken along the river Thames;

c) working class English.

13. Fill in the missing pronunciation standard:

English English	American English	Australian English
	General American (GA)	Educated Australian

14. Which of the languages doesn’t have native speakers:

a) a Creole,

b) a Pidgine.
15. What is NOT typical of Cockney dialect:

a) h-dropping,

b) loss of central fricatives,

c) vowel drawling.
16. Isogloss is the line which marks boundaries between two regions which differ in:

a) temperature,

b) landscape,

c) dialect.

17. Translate the sentences into Russian minding the terminal tones:

Have you seen him?

̍ Not ̖̖once. b) ̍ Not once.

18. Three main types of cultivated speech in the USA are:

a) the Northern type, the Southern Type, the Eastern Type,

b) the Eastern Type, the Southern Type, the Western Type,

c) the Eastern Type, the Central Type, the Northern type.

19. American twang is:

a) nasalization of vowels when they are preceded or followed by a nasal consonant,

b) pronouncing [r] between a vowel and a consonant,

c) diphthongization of a monophthong.

20.Vowel drawl is:

a) diphthongization of a monophthong,

b) more open articulation,

c) yod dropping.

21. Retroflex pronunciation of R is when:

a) the pronunciation is closer to French and German [r],

b) [r] is dropped out,

c) tip of the tongue is bent backwards more than in EE.

22. In AE [t] in intervocalic position is pronounced:

a) d b)t

23. In AE [s] in final weak syllables ending with –ion, -ia like Asia, version is pronounced:

a) [ʃ ] b)[ ʒ ]

24. What is not true about Conversational style:

a) lack of planning,

b) slips of tongue,

c) slow tempo.

25. What is not true about Declamatory style:

a) use of parenthetic “you know”, “I mean”,

b) stable rhythmicality,

c) slow tempo.

26. What is not true about Publicistic style:

a) increased loudness,

b) long pauses,

c) great number of level tones.

27. What is not true about Academic style:

a) very low degree of speech preparedness ,

b) contrasts of tempo,

c) alteration of pauses, types of heads, terminal tones.

28. What is not true about Informational style:

a) normal or slow tempo,

b) speaker seems passionate,

c) medium or long pauses.

29. What is not true about an intonational style:

a) used in a certain social sphere,

b) serves a definite aim in communication,

c) used by representatives of a social class.

30.Match an antonym: speech can be:

a) formal- b) prepared - c) dialogical-
Примерные вопросы к зачету (семестр1):

1. Phonetics as a branch of linguistics.

2. Phonemes and their functions.

3. Classification of English consonants.

4. Classification of English vowels.

5. Changes of English sounds in speech.

6. Syllable. Syllable formation and division.

7. Stress.

8. Intonation.

9. Intonation functional styles.

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