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ТЕМА 3.2. МЕТАЛЛЫ И РАБОТА С МЕТАЛЛАМИ. Практическое занятие № 8 Metals
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Практическое занятие № 9 Steel
What is needed in new steels by producing industry?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Практическое занятие № 10 Methods of Steel Heat Treatment
Corrosion Corrosion attacks all engineering materials, especially metals. No material __________ be completely corrosion-resistant. Even stainless steels ___________ corrode. Engineers ___________________, however, fight corrosion. For example, they ________ use high-purity metals because these metals are more resistant than alloys. They ___________ also make sure that two dissimilar metals are not allowed to touch each other. Finally, engineers ____________ protect the surfaces of the metals in many different ways. One of the most common methods _____________ be to paint them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Практическое занятие № 11 Hot Working of Steel
Model: wasteful process – less wasteful process complex component - ____________________________________________________ large machine - _________________________________________________________ accurate shape - _________________________________________________________ a small number of operations - _____________________________________________ little waste - ____________________________________________________________ new techniques - ________________________________________________________ simple unit - ____________________________________________________________ efficient manufacture - ____________________________________________________
Model 1. We need much more space for this equipment. Model 2. Now we know many more strong materials. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ТЕМА 3.4. ДЕТАЛИ И МЕХАНИЗМЫ. Практическое занятие № 12 Machine – Tools
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Практическое занятие № 13 Robots in Industry
Development of Major Application Fields of Industrial Robots
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Практическое занятие № 14 Machines and Work Terms like work, force, and power are frequently used in mechanical engineering, so it is necessary to define them precisely. Force is an effort that results in motion or physical change. If you use your muscles to lift a box you are exerting force on that box. The water which strikes the blades of a turbine is exerting force on those blades, thereby setting them in motion. In a technical sense work is the combination of the force and the distance through which it is exerted. To produce work, a force must act through a distance. If you stand and hold a twenty-pound weight for any length of time, you may get very tired, but you are not doing work in an engineering sense because the force you exerted to hold up the weight was not acting through a distance. However, if you raised the weight, you would be doing work. Power is another term used in a special technical sense in speaking of machines. It is the rate at which work is performed. The rate of doing work is sometimes given in terms of horsepower, often abbreviated hp. This expression resulted from the desire of the inventor James Watt to describe the work his steam engines performed in terms that his customers could easily understand. After much experimentation, he settled on a rate of 33,000 foot-pounds per minute as one horsepower. In the metric system power is measured in terms of watts and kilowatts. The kilowatt, a more widely used term, equals a thousand watts or approximately 1,1\3 horsepower in the English system.
А) обозначающие основные понятия физики и механики; Б) обозначающие источники энергии; В) механизмы, машины. wind, power, water, force, work, steam, windmill, petroleum, turbine, motion, weight, block, device, locomotive, input, output, steam engine, rate, effort, distance, generator, part, weight
Практическое занятие № 15 Melting Furnaces
MACHINES hammer furnace motor engine convert electricity chemical energy heat of electricity heat heat energy mechanical energy to produce work to melt metal to forge metal to rotate a fan to move a car |
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