Учебник в двух частях Часть 2 2-е издание, исправленное и дополненное Допущено Министерством образования и науки РФ в качестве учебника для студентов высших учебных заведений, обучающихся по нелингвистическим специальностям Издательство «мгимо-университет»

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Название	Учебник в двух частях Часть 2 2-е издание, исправленное и дополненное Допущено Министерством образования и науки РФ в качестве учебника для студентов высших учебных заведений, обучающихся по нелингвистическим специальностям Издательство «мгимо-университет»
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Тип	Учебник

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 (1.5 min.)

Fast Food

‘Today’s newspaper is tomorrow’s fish and chip wrapper,’ people used to say. Why? Because years ago fish and chips were packed in newspaper to keep them warm until they were eaten. In the 1960s, it was reported that the first British package tourists in Spain not only insisted on eating fish and chips all the time but also on having them, as was traditional, wrapped up in specially imported British newspaper! Newspapers are not used any more (for health reasons), but fish and chips is still Britain’s most famous fast food.

Fried fish and cooked potatoes were first sold in the streets of London and other cities in the 1850s, and the first fish and chip shops were opened in the 1860s. The most popular kind of fish used is cod, but other white fish are also used. The fish is cooked in hot fat and is usually eaten with chips on which people put salt and brown vinegar, and/or tomato sauce. Some people eat bread and butter with their fish and chips, or soft peas called mushy peas. Fish and chips is very popular with holiday-makers at the seaside or at the weekend as a change from cooking at home.

A favourite snack in Britain is the baked potato, or ‘potato in its jacket,’ which is a potato cooked with a skin left on. These are cut open and eaten with something on top like butter, cheese or beans. Supermarkets sell a lot of quick snacks and meals these days, like cup-a-soups to which you just add boiling water, or meals you can quickly heat up in the microwave oven.

You can buy many other kinds of hot fast food today, for example burgers and fried chicken from the USA, pizza from Italy, and kebabs from the Middle East. You may choose either to ‘eat in’ or ‘take away’.
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1. What is considered to be Britain’s most famous fast food?

2. Who is fish and chips popular with today?

3. What is one of the most favourite snacks in Britain?

4. Do the British confine themselves only to national foods?
b) Scan the text for details.

c) Answer the teacher’s questions.

DISCUSSION

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72. Discuss the following issues:

What you know about the national stereotypes in eating habits.
How the climate of a country influences the eating habits of the population.
What typical national dishes you would recommend to a foreign visitor to Russia.

DO YOU KNOW THAT

The word ‘sandwich’ comes from a man called John Mantagu, the Fourth Earl of Sandwich who lived in the eighteenth century in the English town of Sandwich. He liked to play games at the table without stopping for a meal, so his cook put some beef between two pieces of bread – and made the first sandwich.

In the West of England, cider, made from apples is very popular. Like wine, it is described as sweet or dry, but it is drunk in beer glasses and can be stronger than beer.

Spirits are usually drunk either ‘on the rocks’ (with ice) or ‘straight’. They can also be drunk with juice or a soft drink (for example whisky and soda, or gin and tonic).

HOME ACTIVITIES

73. Translate into English. 

1. Когда Джим попросил у бармена пачку сигарет и пинту светлого пива, тот ответил, что молодых людей, не достигших 21 года, они не обслуживают.	1. When Jim asked the barman for a packet of cigarettes and a pint of lager, the man answered that young people under 21 were not served there.
2. Следующая передача представляет особый интерес для зрителей, увлекающихся кулинарией.	2. The next item will be of special interest to viewers who are keen on cooking.
3. В инструкции было подробно описано, как пользоваться духовкой. Более того, описание сопровождалось несколькими рецептами некоторых блюд традиционной английской кухни.	3. It was described in the manual in detail how to use the oven. Moreover, the manual was accompanied with a number of recipes for some dishes of traditional English cuisine.
4. Ни Джейн, ни Майк никогда раньше не пробовали омара. Сначала они себя чувствовали очень неловко, так как не знали, какую вилку выбрать, но потом блюдо им очень понравилось.	4. Neither Jane nor Mike had ever tried lobster before. At first they felt ill at ease as they didn’t know, which fork to choose, but then they enjoyed the dish a lot.
5. Нам подали ужин, состоящий из трех блюд: куриного супа, ростбифа и мороженого.	5. We were served a three-course dinner: chicken soup, roast beef and ice-cream.

6. В одном из сообщений говорилось, что отец и сын бесследно исчезли во время пешей прогулки в горах.	6. One of the news items said that a father and son had disappeared without trace while on a walking expedition in the mountains.
7. Он совершенно не состоялся как писатель.	7. He was a complete failure as a writer.
8. После болезни у него все еще слабое здоровье.	8. He is still in poor health after his illness.
9. Они были так бедны, что не могли позволить себе питаться чаще, чем один раз в день.	9. They were so poor (that) they couldn’t afford to have more than one meal a day.
10. Украденная картина была возвращена в музей.	10. The stolen picture was restored to the museum.
11. В этом году она несколько раз выступала по телевидению.	11. She has made a number of appearances on television this year.
12. Передай ей мои поздравления и скажи, что я скоро с ней свяжусь.	12. Give her my congratulations and say I’ll be in touch very soon.

KEYS 
Key – 11:

1 – eat; 2 – brought; 3 – was not eaten; 4 – began; 5 – had been extended; 6 – were being employed; 7 – was bought; 8 – was built; 9 – built; 10 – was called; 11 – were selling; 12 – had; 13 – is eaten; 14 – are sold.
Key – 14:

1 – spread; 2 – came; 3 – arrived; 4 – had already been introduced; 5 – had become; 6 – persisted; 7 – was less organized; 8 – were first brought; 9 – had been grown; 10 – brought; 11 – were introduced; 12 – are eaten; 13 – were fried; 14 – were not made; 15 – became; 16 – were still sold; 17 – sell.
Key – 27:

1 – was told; 2 – had been given; 3 – was sent; 4 – was shown; 5 – was given; 6 – had not been taught; 7 – had obviously forgotten; 8 – was not paid
Key – 28:

1 – imaginable; 2 – sour; 3 – restaurants; 4 – turkey; 5 – cook; 6 – cooking; 7 – apple pie; 8 – truth; 9 – dinner table; 10 – refrigerator; 11 – cooking; 12 – snacks; 13 – wherever; 14 – in front of; 15 – surprises; 16 – swimming pool; 17 – atmosphere; 18 – night out; 19 – waitress; 20 – to support; 21 – to recognize; 22 – dish; 23 – night out; 24 – make up their mind; 25 – look down; 26 – fruit plate; 27 – potatoes.
Key – 32:

1 – embarrassed; 2 – embarrassing; 3 – shocked; 4 – shocking; 5 – surprised; 6 – surprising; 7 – depressed; 8 – depressing
Key – 40:

1 – dessert; 2 – a snack; 3 – a baker’s shop; 4 – a newsagent’s shop; 5 – ice-cream; 6 – hot apple pie; 7 – vegetable oils; 8 – trikes; 9 – vans; 10 – the ice-cream van; 11 – baked; 12 – boiled or steamed ; 13 – rice puddings; 14 – the sherry trifle; 15 - poured; 16 - on top.

Key-55:

1 – is being delivered; 2 – has not been; 3 – is sold; 4 – is fitted; 5 – have been working; 6 – is being redecorated; 7 – sank; 8 – have not been invited; 9 – has been announced; 10 – will now not be built; 11 – has been discovered; 12 – is thought; 13 – were received; 14 – was launched; 15 – was raised; 16 – has still not been reached; 17 – will be made; 18 – have been interviewed.
Key-68:

1 – carried; 2 – was added; 3 – was put on sale; 4 – contained; 5 – thought of; 6 – will look well; 7 – sold; 8 – was selling; 9 – died; 10 – had invented; 11 – was bought; 12 – could soon be seen; 13 – was sold; 14 – (was) drunk; 15 – made; 16 – would be sold; 17 – would be lost; 18 – would find; 19 – would be strengthened; 20 – followed; 21 – managed; 22 – has become; 23 – is it made of; 24 – is locked up; 25 – know.

UNSUPERVISED EXERCISES WITH KEYS

1. meal – dish – food - plate
meal – принятие пищи, трапеза, еда: e.g. This medicine is to be taken after meals.

dish – 1. блюдо, тарелка: a glass dish – стеклянное блюдо; 2. (pl.) посуда: e.g. Don’t leave dirty dishes after meals. 3. кушанье, еда, блюдо: e.g. His favourite dish is bacon and eggs.

food – 1. пища, еда: e.g. Liz is used to plain food. – Лиз привыкла к простой пище. 2. пища (перен.): spiritual food – духовная пища; 3. продукты питания, продовольствие, съестные припасы: e.g. tinned / canned food – консервированные продукты, консервы (в жестяных банках)

plate – 1. тарелка: e.g. a plate of soup – тарелка супа; 2. (разг.) блюдо (с чем-либо): e.g. fruit plate – фрукты (десерт), fish plate – блюдо с рыбой (рыбное блюдо)
A. 1. There is ... for thought. 2. It turned out that Frankie’s favourite ... was roast beef with mashed potatoes. 3. Mr. Kelada boasted that he always ate good plain ... . 4. If you feel cold, why not take a … of soup? 5. Will likes Chinese ... . 6. Who has left this dirty ... in the sink, I wonder? 7. He nearly died of ... poisoning. 8. Dan was so hungry that he ate a whole ... of meat and vegetables. 9. I advise you to stay at the Rose Hotel. The ... is good there. 10. Doctors advised Ada to have five … a day.
B. 1. Когда Джек был студентом, он мог позволить себе есть только два раза в день. 2. Моя сестра предпочитает французскую кухню. 3. Cколько раз в день вы едите? 4. Под конец ужина официант принес блюдо с фруктами. 5. Блюдо было приправлено (to season with) чесноком (garlic). 6. Давайте пойдем вечером в местный ресторан. Там хорошо кормят.

2. a piece – a sheet – a slice – a bar – a cake – a lump – a bit
a piece – кусок, кусочек (наиболее универсальное и нейтральное слово в данной группе).

Expressions:

a piece of news – новость

a piece of advice – совет

a piece of furniture – предмет обстановки (мебели)

a sheet – кусок (плоский), лист (бумаги и т.п.)

a slice – ломтик, отрезанный кусок

a bar – плитка (шоколада), брусок

a cake (of soap) – брикет, кусок (мыла)

a lump –кусок (обычно неправильной формы):

e.g. a lump of sugar (о пиленом или колотом сахаре)

Expression: to lump everything together – сваливать все в одну кучу

a bit – маленький кусочек, небольшое количество чего-либо
A. 1. She always has a … of chocolate in her bag in case she feels hungry.2. George took two …of bread, a … of ham, a … of cucumber and made a sandwich. 3. There is no soap left in the bathroom. – Take a … of soap from the closet (стенной шкаф). 4. Is the salad ready? – Just a moment, I’ll add a … of salt and it’ll be ready. 5. The secretary took a … of paper and typed the list of the delegates. 6. Bill, don’t be so greedy – you have taken the biggest … of cake. 7. In spring large … of ice floated down the river. 8. She can give you a … of advice if you ask her. 9. How many … of sugar do you take in your tea? 10. What did you have for breakfast? – Nothing much, just a cup of tea and a … of cheese.
B. 1. Если ты проголодался, я могу предложить тебе плитку шоколада. 2. Вы не могли бы передать мне ломтик ветчины? 3. Не забудь купить кусок мыла. 4. Позволь я попробую чуточку этого сыра. 5. Летчик заметил большую льдину вдали от берега (реки), а на ней – человека. 6. Позвольте сообщить вам важную новость. 7. В твоем кофе достаточно сахара, я положила туда три куска. 8. Ваза упала и разбилась на куски.

KEYS 
A. 1 – food; 2 – dish; 3 – food; 4 – plate; 5 – food; 6 – dish; 7 – food; 8 – plate; 9 – food; 10 – meals.

B. 1. When Jack was a student, he could afford (to have) only two meals a day. 2. My sister prefers French food. 3. How many meals a day do you have? 4. At the end of the dinner the waiter brought a plate of fruit. 5. The dish was seasoned with garlic. 6. Let’s go to the local restaurant tonight. The food is good there.
2. A. 1 – bar; 2 – slices; slice; slice; 3 – cake; 4 – bit; 5 – sheet; 6 – piece; 7 – sheets; 8 – piece; 9 – lumps; 10 – bit/slice.

B. 1. If you are hungry, I can offer you a bar of chocolate. 2. Could you pass me a slice of ham, please? 3. Don’t forget to buy a cake of soap. 4. Let me have a bit of this cheese, please. 5. The pilot noticed a large sheet of ice far from the bank of the river, and a man on it. 6. Let me tell you an important piece of news. 7. There is enough sugar in your coffee; I have put three lumps into it. 8. The vase fell down and broke into pieces.

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 (1.5 min.)

Fast Food

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