UNIT 1
Russian Customs Service
Questions for discussion:
Do you know anything from the history of the FCS of Russia?
What happened to CS after disintegration of the Soviet Union?
What are the ways of further development of CS?
Is the work of CS profitable for the state budget?
List of terms and word combinations
To celebrate — отмечать, праздновать.
Thus — таким образом.
To mark — отмечать, характеризовать, показывать.
Social — социальный.
Development— развитие.
Security — безопасность.
Throughout — на всем протяжении, все время.
Recent — недавний, последний, новейший.
To sign a decree — подписать декрет.
To set up — учреждать, основывать.
Committee— комитет.
Rightfulness — правомерность
Border — граница.
Severely — очень, сильно, весьма.
Multifunctional— многофункциональный.
Specialized — специализированный.
Qualified — квалифицированный.
Personnel — персонал.
To compose — составлять.
Customs Administration — таможенное управление.
To include — включать в себя.
Checkpoint — контрольно-пропускной пункт.
A higher education establishment — высшее учебное заведение.
To recognize — признавать, осознавать.
Regional — областной, районный.
Trading centre — центр профессиональной подготовки, обра зовательный центр.
To pass — идти, проходить, пролетать.
To process — обрабатывать, оформлять, рассматривать.
To transfer — переносить, перемещать.
Budget — бюджет.
Approximately— приблизительно.
Amount — количество, величина, сумма.
Primary — первоначальный, исходный.
Customs office — таможенный пункт контроля.
Input — вклад.
Provisions — положения, условия, меры предосторожности, постановление.
Significance — важность, значение.
Assessment — оценка, определение ценности.
Destructive effects — разрушительные последствия.
Disintegration — распад.
Issue — cпорный вопрос, разногласие, проблема
To issue — выходить, появляться, иметь результатом, про исходить, издавать.
To inherit — унаследовать.
To smuggle — провозить контрабандой.
Solvent— платежеспособный, кредитоспособный.
Representative office — представительство.
Cargo — груз.
Lack — недостаток, нехватка.
Revenue — доход, выручка.
To confirm — подтверждать.
Trade turnover — товарооборот.
Share — доля, часть, роль.
Establishment — учреждение
To equip — оборудовать.
Severe — cильный, трудный, жестокий.
To overcome — преодолеть, подавить, превозмочь.
To consider — рассматривать, обсуждать, обдумывать.
To comply with — подчиняться, выполнять требования.
To service — обслуживать.
To increase — увеличить.
Efficacy— эффективность, действенность.
To utilize — использовать.
Read and translate the text:
Text 1
Each year Russian customs officers celebrate October 25 th as their professional holiday. The state, by making this day a holi day, thus marked the significance of the profession and input of customs service in social and economic development of Russia, pro visions for its security and sovereignty.
Throughout all recent history, which is usually recognized as started from October 25th 1991 — the day when the President of Russia signed the Decree «On setting up of the State Service Com mittee of the Russian Soviet Socialist Federative Republic», the service has confirmed rightfulness of high assessment of the state.
Having overcome destructive effects of disintegration of the USSR, having inherited 14 thousand kilometres of not developed borders, severely lacking professional force, the service has passed a long way of growth and development.
Customs service of Russia today is one of the largest customs services in the world. It is a multifunctional, technically equipped, dynamic structure, with more than 60 thousand qualified person nel working in it.
The FCS of Russia is composed of 7 regional Customs Adminis trations, 144 customs offices, including 4 specialized, 688 customs terminals, and 317 checkpoints at the state border. In its struc ture there is a higher education establishment — Russian Customs Academy, recognized by the World Customs Organization as one of its regional training centres.
Federal Customs Service has 7 representative offices abroad — in Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzia, Finland, Germany and Belgium. Opening of representative offices in China and Poland are being considered now.
In the territory with 11 time zones it controls successfully for eign trade turnover of Russia.
Customs officers process each year about three million cargo customs declarations and every day transfer to the budget approx imately eleven billion rubles.
Answer the following questions:
Why is the profession of customs officers significant?
Why was October 25th made a holiday?
What did CS inherit after disintegration of the USSR?
What is the structure of the FCS?
Where can representative offices be found?
Explain the reasons of growing the share of customs payments since 1991.
What does FCS control?
Match the words with their Russian equivalents:
1. objective
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a) приблизительно
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2. to amount
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b) выполнять, осуществлять
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3. to aim at
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c) поддающийся, допускающий
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4. comparison
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d) исполнение, действие
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5. approximately
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e) пошлины
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6. monetary
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f) суверенитет, независимость
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7. performance
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g) достигать, равняться, составлять
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8. to implement
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h) цель
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9. dues
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i) денежный, валютный
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10.capable of
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j) сравнение, сопоставление
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11. foreign trade turnover
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k) внешнеторговый оборот
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12. sovereignty
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l) cтремиться
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Fill in the gaps with the English equivalents of the words in brackets:
The Russian customs has exhausted conservative methods of borders infrastructure (развитие) and is actively implementing new technologies aimed at controlling export operations, (грузовые перевозки).
Northwest Customs Administration (SZTU) was founded in 1990 and was the first out of seven (региональный) customs branches in the newly re-established Russia. Nowadays CZTU consists of 23 cus toms branches with 144 (таможенный пункт) covering the territo ry of over 1600 square kilometres. The following 71 stations current ly (обслуживает) the borders of the Northwest: automobile, railway, air, river and sea customs stations. The three primary objectives of the country's customs system are (способствовать, содействовать) foreign trade development, to increase (эффективность) of customs control and to encourage monetary flow of customs dues into the (федеральный бюджет).
The Customs are implementing new advanced (технологии) in order for the new infrastructure to be capable of meeting high qual ity performance standards and promoting our country's economic interests in (внешняя торговля).
CZTU is actively utilizing IT-technologies, electronic avowal and preliminary information in order to expedite the process of cus toms clearing and increase quality control, thus promoting further integration of the Russian customs system into the information space of the EU.
Translate into English
Практическое значение таможенного права определяется тем, что по мере развития международных отношений, уве личение объема товарооборота между нашей страной и стра нами мирового сообщества все большее число граждан зави сят от состояния таможенной системы и законности таможен ной деятельности.
В современном представлении термин «таможенное дело» охватывает сложный комплекс отношений, непосредствен но связанных с внешней и внутренней политикой и деятель ностью государства. В рамках государственной политики та моженное дело служит удовлетворению разнообразных инте ресов и потребностей.
Основной целью таможенной политики любого государства является обеспечение его экономических интересов.
Таможенная система России имеет богатейший опыт защи ты экономического суверенитета и безопасности государства, внутреннего рынка, отечественной торговли и промышлен ности.
Match the phrases with their definitions:
On arrival in most countries as a foreigner you have to show your passport, a landing card (1) and often a customs declaration form (2). You may need a visa and a vaccination certificate (3), depending on the entry restrictions (4). Customs carry out spot checks / random checks (5) on peopled luggage. They use sniffer dogs (6) to search for drugs and explosives. In most cases, you have to clear customs (7) at the port of entry (8). Genuine refugees may try to seek political asylum (9). Customs officers also look out for ille gal immigrants, some of whom may be economic migrants (10).
form showing how much money and what goods you are car rying;
permission to stay in another country to avoid political perse cution back home;
people who try to enter from poorer countries just to get work;
take your bags through customs;
form with your personal details and date of arrival;
rules about who can enter a country and for how long;
paper proving you have had the necessary health injections;
checks done without warning;
the port or airport where you first enter a country;
j) specially trained dogs who can smell drugs and bombs.
Rewrite these sentences using phrases
and collocations from the above exercise instead of
the underlined words
You'll have to show a paper proving that you have had injections for tropical diseases when you enter the country.
People entering from war-torn countries often ask for permis sion to stay to avoid political oppression in their own country.
You have to take your baggage through customs if you arrive on an international flight at San Francisco airport, even if you are flying on within the USA.
You have to fill in a paper saying how much money you're bringing into the country before going through customs control.
Some of the people were people who were poor and travelling hoping to find jobs, rather than genuine political refugees.
Passenger to airline cabin attendant: Could you give me one of those papers for filling in my passport number and personal de tails before we arrive, please?
At the airport the security guards had those special dogs that can smell drugs.
You'll need a visa; the rules about who can enter the country are very strict.
You have to fill in the city where you first entered the country in this box here.
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