Методические рекомендации по выполнению домашней контрольной работы огсэ. 03 Иностранный язык для специальности 23. 02. 06 Техническая эксплуатация подвижного состава железных дорог вид подготовки: базовый форма обучения: заочная 2
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THE CHANNEL TUNNELThe first design of the Channel Tunnel was proposed in 1751. Since that time, dozens of proposals had been considered before the actual tunneling began. The work proceeded very quickly and was successfully completed in 6 years. The Tunnel was opened for traffic on May 7, 1994. The Channel Tunnel actually consists of three tunnels: the two running tunnels* and the service tunnel**. Single-track railway lines are laid down in each of the running tunnels. Normally, one of them carries passenger and freight trains from Britain to France and the other carries trains in the opposite direction. If one of the running tunnels is closed down for maintenance, the other is used for train movement in both directions. A smaller third tunnel lies between the two train tunnels. It is called the service tunnel. There is a roadway inside it, so maintenance workers and emergency teams can reach any point of the Tunnel system in their road vehicles. The service tunnel is linked to the running tunnels at regular intervals by crosspassages***. In case of emergency or a train breakdown, the passengers will leave the train through one of the cross-passages into the service tunnel where road vehicles will evacuate them to a safer place. The total length of the Tunnel is about fifty kilometers. Thirty-seven kilometers of the line are under the waters of the English Channel. The electric trains run every three minutes during peak hours, providing the carrying capacity of 4,000 vehicles per hour in both directions. A typical passenger shuttle consists of twenty-six wagons. A half of them are doubledeck carriages for carrying cars of average size. Thirteen single-deck wagons are used for transporting buses and vans. Freight shuttles consist of twenty-five single-deck wagons. Each of them is capable of carrying a vehicle weighing up to forty-four tons. Two electric locomotives are coupled in front and at the rear of each shuttle. The time of crossing the Tunnel is thirty-five minutes, about an hour less than by ferry. Passengers and drivers remain in their vehicles. The gauge of the tunnel railway is standard that is why the tunnel can be used for international passenger and freight trains. Notes: *running tunnel – железнодорожный тоннель **service tunnel – служебный тоннель ***cross-passage – поперечный переход 2. Составьте письменно лексический англо-русский словарь по данному тексту. (15-20 слов и выражений, транскрипция обязательна). Например, railway ['reilwei] – железная дорога 3. Составьте к тексту письменно пять вопросов на английском языке. Вопросы переведите. 4. Выпишите из текста предложения в пассивном залоге (Passive Voice). 5. Вставьте в пропуски производные от неопределенных местоимений something, anything, nothing или everything. Предложения запишите и письменно переведите.
6. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную степень прилагательного/наречия. Предложения запишите и письменно переведите.
ВАРИАНТ 121. Перепишите и переведите текст. MOSCOW UNDERGROUNDFor the first time the idea of building the underground railway in Moscow was discussed before the revolution. However, the construction of the first section (from Sokolniki to Central Park) was initiated only in 1932. It lasted 3 years and was called the record period by the world press. The Russian engineers carefully studied the existing underground systems abroad before working out their own project, which represents a significant improvement on the London system. The engineering difficulties were great mainly because much of the soil was composed of running sand*. Fortunately most of the running sand lay close to the surface and it was found possible to use out-and-cover method** of construction under many of the streets. However, in the city center where the line is 100 ft or deeper, the construction of tunnels was necessary. The Moscow Underground consists of a circle line, which runs round the city center, several radial lines crossing the city and connecting with each other and the lines running to the countryside. Some constructional work is still going on. Now the length of the underground lines reaches about 300 km. At present, the Moscow Metro handles more than five million passengers each day. During peak hours trains run at a speed of 90 km/h with the intervals of about 80 seconds. One train takes up to 1,500 passengers. For greater safety of travel, all trains are inspected every 6-9 hours of running. Being in operation for about 13 hours daily each Metro train covers the distance equal to that from Moscow to St. Petersburg. The trains servicing the Underground are supplied with low voltage direct current. The current is obtained from the third rail by special devices that are mounted beneath the motor coaches. Rolling stock is completely replaced approximately once every four years. The Moscow Metro can compete with the underground railways in any of the European capitals in level of automation. At present, the experiments are being conducted with an “automatic driver”, i.e. with computer-controlled trains. The computer devices will help to relieve the nervous strain on the drivers and make it possible to increase the cruising speed*** of trains even more. These automatic devices have already been tested over the Circle Route by way of experiment. Notes: *running sand – сыпучий песок, плывун **cut-and-cover method – открытый метод (строительства) ***cruising speed – эксплуатационная скорость 2. Составьте письменно лексический англо-русский словарь по данному тексту. (15-20 слов и выражений, транскрипция обязательна). Например, railway ['reilwei] – железная дорога 3. Составьте к тексту письменно пять вопросов на английском языке. Вопросы переведите. 4. Выпишите из текста предложения в пассивном залоге (Passive Voice). 5. Вставьте в пропуски неопределенные местоимения some, any, no. Предложения запишите и письменно переведите. 1.There are ... buses today and I can't go shopping.
6. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous, Present Simple или Future Simple. 1. It (to be) cold in autumn. It often (to rain). A cold wind often (to blow). 2. The weather (to be) fine today. It (to be) warm, the sun (to shine) brightly. A soft wind (to blow) Small white clouds (to sail) in the sky. 3. Don't go out: it (to rain) heavily. 4. Take your raincoat with you. I am afraid it (to rain) in the evening and you (to get) wet through if you (not to put) on your raincoat. 5. Every spring birds (to come) to our garden and (to sing) in the trees. 6. Listen! Somebody (to sing) in the next room. 7. It usually (not to snow) at this time of the year. 8. What the weather (to be) like now? It (to snow)? - No, it ... . 9. We (to go) out of town to ski on Sunday? - Yes, we ... if it (to snow) this week and if there (to be) a lot of snow everywhere. 10. What you (to do) tomorrow? - We (to go) out of town if the weather (not to change) for the worse. СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ Основная 1.Агабекян, И. П. Английский язык [Текст]: учебное пособие для средних специальных учебных заведений./ И.П. Агабекян. – Ростов-на-Дону: «Феникс», 2010. 2.Англо-русский словарь [Текст] / В.К. Мюллер. – М.: Оникс; СПб. : Золотой век, 2007. − 976 с. 3.Английский язык [Текст]: учебно-методическое пособие для студентов железнодорожных специальностей дневной формы обучения. Составитель М.В. Жесткова, С.Я. Никитина. Самара: издательство СамГАПС, 2003. – 36с. 4.Голубев, А.П. Английский язык [Текст]: учебное пособие для студентов средних профессиональных учебных заведений/А.П. Голубев. − М.: Издательский центр Академия, 2004. − 336 с. Дополнительная 5.Высотова, И.Е. Английский язык [Текст]: учебное пособие для студентов заочного и дистанционного обучения гуманитарных университетов / И.Е. Высотова, Т.Г. Гриднева. − Томск: Ветер, 2005. − 92 с. 6.Карпова, Т.А. Английский для колледжей [Текст]: учебное пособие/Т.А. Карпова. -6-е изд., перераб. и доп.- М.: Дашков и Ко, 2008. – 320 с. 7.Тихонов, А.А. Английский язык. Теория и практика перевода [Текст] : учебное пособие / А.А. Тихонов. – М. : ТК Велби, издательство Проспект, 2005. – 120 с. Интернет-ресурсы 8.Словарь Яндекс. - Режим доступа http://lingvo.yandex.ru, свободный. 9.Cambridge International Dictionary of English, Cambridge University Press 2004; - Режим доступа Iittp://dictionary.cambridge.org/, свободный. 10.Webster's Online Dictionary with Multilingual Thesaurus Translation, 2006; - Режим доступа http://www.webster-online-dictionary.org, свободный. 11.Webster// словарь. - Режим доступа: http://www.amazon.com, свободный. |
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