Омской Области «Омский авиационный колледж имени Н. Е. Жуковского»
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Text IOmsk is one of the oldest Russian towns. Omsk is situated on the banks of the Irtysh and Om rivers. The Siberian сity Omsk will celebrate its 300th Anniversary in 2016. A former small merchant town has turned for the years of Soviet power into a large industrial, scientific and cultural center of West Siberia. The city today numbers about 1200000 inhabitants. At the beginning of the 18 century a group of Russian soldiers and Cossacks under the guidance of an officer Bukhgolts founded a fortress on the left bank of the Om river. The fortress was later renamed a town of Omsk. So Omsk was founded in 1716. At the end of 19th century the Great Trans-Siberian Railway passed through Omsk. Before the revolution Omsk was just like any other Siberian town – wooden houses, unpaved, dirty, crooked streets, no parks and gardens. Omsk was a place of exile. Decembrists and revolutionaries were exiled by the tsarist government to Omsk. A great Russian writer Dostoevsky spent 4 years in the Omsk fortress. The city of labour produces goods in sum of more than 6 billion roubles a year. Some items are being supplied to more than 60 countries all over the world. The pride of our city is the first Oil Refinery, a giant of Siberian petrochemistry, which was put into operation in 1965. Besides the chemical enterprises of our city include Synthetic Rubber plant, the Tyre – Making plant, the Smoke – Black plant and others. Engineering, instrument making, light and building industries are developed in Omsk. Omsk is with good reason considered a city of students, of the youth. Every the fourth of the city’s residents is studying. There are all kinds of educational institutions in Omsk. We have 14 universities, many technical schools, libraries. The A.S. Pushkin Library is the biggest of them. The city’s history of welfare standards and culture has a particular effect on its characteristics and spirit. The lives and fates of such eminent people of the country as F. Dostoevsky and M. Vrubel, V. Kuibyshev and D. Karbyshev, P. Dravert and V. Shebalin, L. Martynov, S. Zaligin and other prominent figures in science and art are closely connected with Omsk. There are a lot of varieties for leisure – theatres, museums, concert halls, exhibitions, gymnasiums, sports grounds, Palaces of Culture, discotheques and swimming pools – for townsfolk. For the believers there are cathedrals, prayers houses of various in the city. The best known theatres in Omsk are the Drama Theatre, the Musical Theatre, the Children’s Theatre and the Puppet Theatre. A fine Concert Hall, an Organ Hall, a Circus, the Sports and Concert Palace are at our disposal. The Omsk Folk Choir and the Omsk Symphony Orchestra are famous in the world. The Fine Arts Museum and other museums possess wide collections of exhibits and paintings. They are worth visiting. There is the Memorial Square with the Eternal Flame in the centre of the city, a lot of monuments, fine green parks and gardens with many beautiful flowers and different kinds of entertainments. But at the same time Omsk is the city with its own unsolved problems. We live in the period of great changes. We strive to revalue many respects and start life afresh. Our energies are directed to creating required productive, living and spiritual conditions for the Omsk residents.
_______________________________________________________ revalue, bank, entertainment, cathedral, prayers house, celebrate, inhabitant, small merchant town, left bank, pass through, unpaved, crooked, dirty, exile, pride, consider, a city of students, welfare standards and culture
1. The city, to number, 1200000, inhabitants, today.
and word combinations. To be situated, merchant town, to turn for, center, a group, soldiers and Cossacks, guidance, Bukhgolts, to found, fortress, to be renamed, Great Trans-Siberian Railway, to pass through, to be like, wooden, unpaved, dusty, crooked, exile, Dostoevsky. Тext II Omsk in a nutshell
Basic info Omsk is said to be the capital of South-Western Siberia. The territory of Omsk region is 139,7 thousand square kilometres and is divided into 32 administrative districts. Population Population is 1,5 million people. It is a multinational city. It is inhabited by Russians, Germans, Ukrainians, Tatars, Kazakhs, Belorussians, Bashkeers, Jewry and other nations, altogether – about 80 nationalities. Geography Omsk region is situated in the southern part of the West-Siberian plain. On the West and North the region borders with Tyumen region, on the East – with Tomsk and Novosibirsk regions, on the South and South-Western direction – with Kazakhstan. History of Omsk Region Omsk was founded in 1716 as a fortress at the junction point of channels of the Irtysh and the Om rivers by Colonel Ivan Bukhgolts, this historic fact initiated developing one of the oldest cities in Siberia. At the second part of the 18th century the fortress became the largest fortification at the East of the country. Construction of Trans - Siberian railway boosted the development of the city. Railway connected Omsk with European part of Russia. Culture There are 83 public libraries with book fund exceeding 7 million pieces, 9 museums, containing over 220 000 collection items, theatres of Omsk are also well known in Russia as well as abroad. Sport Athletes from Omsk have been taking part in national and international competitions, Olympics. Wrestler Alexander Pushnitza, swimmer Roman Sludnov and gymnast Irina Chashina are world known. Omsk Hockey Team Avangard is the champion of the Russian Hockey Superleague in 2004, 2 times took the second place – in 1998 and 2006, and is proud to be the European Hockey Champion in 2005. Healthcare There are 10 000 physicians and 17000 nurses in Omsk as well as 60 hospitals and 158 dispensaries. Omsk Medical Academy trains highly skilled doctors of different specialties and is in charge of raising the level of G.Ps skills. The distinguishing feature of our people, in this case our physicians, is that they are perfectly glad to share their knowledge and experience with students. We have very friendly and warm relationships with leading hospitals, thus, they are constantly waiting for our students. We hope everybody can appreciate the atmosphere, which prevails in our hospitals. There are 30 special medical centres in Omsk, such as: endocrinological, pulmonological, perinatal, microsurgery, surgery of lever, gastroenterology, and diagnostic centre, the largest one in Siberia. How to get The flight time from Moscow is 3 hours. There are 3 flights every day: 2 in the early morning and one at night. Теxt III Everyone who has once visited Omsk notices its openness, breadth and peculiarity. The city on the banks of the Irtysh and Om rivers is beautiful and sweeping in a Siberian manner. A beautiful site was chosen for the new fortress by the guardsman of Peter the Great I. Bukhgolts, when in spring of 1716 he and his detachment made a landing on the shore of the free Irtysh, in the place where this powerful Siberian river takes the quiet Om into its broad riverbed. According to the edict of the tsar Peter the Great and his deputy in Siberia prince Gagarin, pioneers erected here the fortification to guard the south Russian borders. Thus was founded the town, which in our days became the largest industrial and cultural centre of Siberia. No trace was left of wooden fortress - primogenitor of the town. But the ancient stone houses and the entrance fortress gates on the right bank of the river Om, where it flows into the Irtysh, still keep the voices of the remote past. Right here in the 1760s, when the wooden buildings of the first Omsk fortress became dilapidated, a new fortification was founded, this time built of stone. In 1782 the fortress settlement was given the name of a town. Among inhabitants of this town were merchants, artisans, officials, but most people were the military. In 1812 battalions of the 24th Siberian division went to fight with Napoleon. Many of them died the death of brave on the Borodino field. The Shirvansky musketeer regiment units guarding the borders of Omsk fortress also distinguished themselves in the fights with Frenchmen. Later the heroes and participants of that war served in Omsk. At different times the post of West Siberian Governor-general was held by P. Kaptsevich and G. Husford. During that time the town grew considerably, was decorated with gardens and sturdy stone buildings. In the 1820s Omsk was lined with buildings by the project of the famous Russian engineer V. Geste. Since that time the central architectural ensemble of the town began to take shape. One of the Omsk central buildings became the palace of Governor-general. In celebration days the tricolor flag appeared on the tower. From this tower the young town was viewed by many guests - well-known scientists, diplomats and travellers. They could see new squares, wooden houses with mezzanines and galleries, the broad Irtysh, ships, fresh green Lyuba's Grove and the fortress with mighty belfry of Voskresensky Cathedral. The military significance of Omsk determined the fates of many Russians. We are not sure if the famous horses of talented sculptor Peter Klodt could appear on the Anitchkov Bridge in Petersburg without his Omsk experiences. Because here in Omsk a gifted boy fell for horses - these proud and beautiful animals. The fame found him in the Northern capital but here in Omsk, far away from European artistic world, for the first time baron Klodt felt the desire to learn curving, modelling and studying horses. Among that lot a huge to him Cossack Nikolsky Cathedral in the garden of which the artist could have walked. "Its severe slim appearance" is very alike to its architectural brothers in Petersburg. And it's quite explicable because the Cathedral was built by the famous architect V. Stasov's drawings, who built a lot in the city on t  he banks of Neva. In 1894 when the railroad came to Omsk it was called the Gates of Siberia. The Great Siberian Track made the economic contacts of business men more active and easier, by connecting Omsk with Moscow, Petersburg and Far East. The representatives of famous Russian and foreign firms came to the far Siberian town. Due to this Omsk started intensive construction of imposing buildings: banks, shops, apartments and offices. In our days the work of organizations responsible for the keeping of Omsk antique memorials became animated, there appeared enthusiasts-students of local lore, whose opinion is considered by the community. The city's department of architecture lead by A. Karimov has provided the restricted areas where the erection of new buildings is strictly regulated. One of such areas are the Cossack suburb. Each house here has its unique history. On Pochtovaya street remained some ancient houses, among them No, 27 - the Khiebnikovs house where Omsk artists are working now. Durable house with a verandah facing the garden, with carved laurel branches on the front door and frieze reflected the taste of his owner the famous public figure, lawyer Arseny Khiebnikov. At the beginning of the 20-s this house was visited by the talented youth, among them was young Vissarion Shebalin, who performed many of his works in this house on Pochtovaya for the first time. In the 50-s - 60-s in the North - West of Omsk due to the construction of the first Siberian oil refinery grew the town of oil industry workers. This town appeared on the spot which since the 18th century occupied "the quiet little village of Zakhlamino, surrounded by the windmills" as wrote I. Belov in his "Travel Notes and Impressions of Western Siberia" in the 1850s. A new city was created designed, by the indivisible architect-artistic project (the Vesniny Brothers architectural-planning workshop). The idea of the city-garden presented for the first time in 1919 by the engineer D. Werner was incarnated at the end of the 50-s, when the city was all in green and the lawns of parks and public gardens were filled with exotic flora. Many interesting buildings appeared in Omsk during last decades. Among the buildings which enriched the city's panorama we can enumerate the Trade Center, the builders of which were awarded the State prize in 1968, the Pushkin Scientific Library (architects Y. Zakharov, G. Narizyna, T. Moraz, I. Lubchich) on the Krasny Put street. Omsk architects are trying to form the complete ensembles, they attach great importance to the moulding of building's silhouette, use widely the natural factors in their creative plans. And at the same time they don't forget the antiquity and understand the necessity of its preservation. The city cherishes its past. The architects and antiquity lovers restored the Serafimo-Alexeevskaya Chapel which even now is surrounded by numerous legends. One of them tells that the Chapel was built in 1908 to memorize the birth of the Tsesarevitch Alexey. Another tells that it was built to memorize the soldiers killed in Russian war with Japan. The chapel was torn down in the 1920-s and was rebuilt brick by brick by the project and sup er-vision of artist V. Desyatov. You can meet the history of Omsk not only on the streets of the city. It lives in the museums, in the inspirational works of Omsk artists, actors and history scientists. Omsk museum of local lore, history and economy is the oldest in Siberia. It was founded in 1878 by the famous Siberian scientists, explorers and public figures: M. Pevtsov, G. Potanin, N. Yadrintsev, I. SIovtsov. The city has great scientific potential. The names of academician the Honorary citizen of Omsk V. Bisyarina, academician N. Milachshenko, corresponding member of Medical Academy L. Poluektov, Honorable Science and Technics Workers K. Artemiev, T. AIexeyeva, D. Krinitsin, V. Mezentsev, K. Tolmachev, social anthropologist I. Tomilov are well known in Russia and abroad. Omsk is theatrical city. It has 5 state and 3 municipal theatres for 1200 thousand city dwellers. It's hard to buy tickets for many plays and today in the developing market relations when many theatres in different cities close, here in Omsk in the beginning of the nineties there opened 4 more theatres. |
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