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Б) Программное обеспечение:
Для проведения занятий по дисциплине «Иностранный язык» (английский), предусмотренной учебным планом подготовки аспирантов, имеется необходимая материально-техническая база, соответствующая действующим санитарным и противопожарным правилам и нормам:
10. Рекомендуемая литература А) Основная литература: Список обязательной литературы КАЯ ФИЯ для факультета естественных наук по направлению «Химия» 2-й курс 1.Soars, John and Liz. Headway Elementary, 2006(Student’s Book and Workbook) 2.Soars, John and Liz. Headway Pre-Intermediate, 1996, 2008 (Student’s Book and Workbook) 3.Soars, John and Liz. Headway New Intermediate, 1996, 2008 (Student’s Book and Workbook) 4. Серебренникова Э.И., Круглякова И.Е. Английский язык для химиков: Учеб. для студентов химико-технолог.спец. вузов. М.: Высш. шк. , 1987. – 400с 5.Михельсон Т.Н.,Успенская Н.В. Сборник упражнений по основным разделам грамматики английского языка, 2009 6.Андреев А.А. и др. Hold the Keys.Практикум по грамматике английского языка,2006 Б) Дополнительная литература: 1. Chemistry. Exam Notes. Research & Education Association, Piscataway. 2000 2. Emmerson, P. email English. Oxford: Macmillan. 2004. 3. Kelly K. Science. Macmillan Vocabulary Practice Series. Macmillan. 2008. 4.Kozharskaya E., Konstantinova N., McNicholas K., Hodson J., Bandis A., Stournara J. Macmillan Guide to Science. Macmillan Publishers, 2008- 127с 5.Murphy R. English Grammar in Use, CUP, 2006. 6.Близниченко К.Л., Прусс Н.М. Английский язык. Пособие для химико-технологических вузов. – М.: Высш. Школа, 1991. – 144 с. 7. Качалова К. Н., Израилевич Е. Е. Практическая грамматика английского языка с упражнениями и ключами. – СПб.: БАЗИС, КАРО, 2007. 8.Мифтахова Н.Х. Пособие по английскому языку для III – IV курсов химико-технологических вузов: Учеб. пособие (Miftakhova N.Kh. English for chemical Institutes. Senior Courses.). – М.: Высш. школа, 1981. – 134 с. 9.Серебренникова Э.И., Круглякова И.Е. Английский язык для химиков: Учеб. для студентов химико-технолог.спец. вузов. М.: Высш. шк. , 1987. – 400с. 10.Шанаева Н.В. Краткая грамматика английского языка в таблицах и схемах. Новосибирск: “Наука”, 1990. КОНТРОЛЬНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ I. Образцы текстов по специальности для чтения и перевода 1.Примерный текст для чтения и обсуждения в 3-ем семестре для продолжающих/ 4-м семестре для начинающих на 2-м курсе Fundamental concepts of chemistry Adapted from: The World Book Encyclopedia. Volume 3. 1992. Chicago: World Book Inc, 1992, pp. 366-7. http://www.onpedia.com/encyclopedia/chemistry 1. Read the text and fill in the gaps with the following expressions in appropriate forms. Use each expression only once. chemical formula, chemical equation, proton, neutron, element, electron, atomic nucleus, molecule, cation, anion, chemical compound, chemical reaction, chemical bonds, ion, molecule, atomic number An atom is a collection of matter consisting of a positively charged core (the ________________) which contains ____________ and ____________ and which maintains a number of electrons to balance the positive charge in the nucleus. The atom is also the smallest portion into which an ____________ can be divided and still retain its properties, made up of a dense, positively charged nucleus surrounded by a system of ____________. The most basic chemical substances are the chemical elements. They are building blocks of all other substances. An element is a class of atoms which have the same number of protons in the nucleus. This number is known as the ___________ ____________ of the element. For example, all atoms with 6 protons in their nuclei are atoms of the chemical element carbon, and all atoms with 92 protons in their nuclei are atoms of the element uranium. Each chemical element is made up of only one kind of atom. The atoms of one element differ from those of all other elements. Chemists use letters of the alphabet as symbols for the elements. In total, 117 elements have been observed as of 2007, of which 94 occur naturally on Earth. Others have been produced artificially. An ____________ is an atom or a molecule that has lost or gained one or more electrons. Positively charged ____________ (e.g. sodium cation Na+) and negatively charged ___________(e.g. chloride Cl−) can form neutral salts (e.g. sodium chloride NaCl). Electrical forces at the atomic level create _____________ __________ that join two or more atoms together, forming ____________. Some molecules consist of atoms of a single element. Oxygen molecules, for example, are made up of two oxygen atoms. Chemists represent the oxygen molecule O2. The 2 indicates the number of atoms in the molecule. When atoms of two or more different elements bond together, they form a ____________________. Water is a compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. The__________ _________ for a water molecule is H2O. Compounds are formed or broken down by means of ____________ __________. All chemical reactions involve the formation or destruction of chemical bonds. Chemists use___________ ___________ to express what occurs in chemical reactions. Chemical equations consist of chemical formulas and symbols that show the substances involved in chemical change. For example, the equation C + O2 CO2 expresses the chemical change that occurs when one carbon atom reacts, or bonds, with an oxygen molecule. The reaction produces one molecule of carbon dioxide, which has the formula CO2. 2. Read the article again. The names of which chemical elements and compounds can you find there? 3. What is the meaning of the following expressions: chemical bonds bond together dense density 2.Примерный текст для письменного перевода и пересказа на дифференцированном зачёте в 4-м семестре 2-го курса для продолжающих States of Matter Adapted from: http://www.chem4kids.com/files/matter_states.html There are four main states of matter: solids, liquids, gases and plasmas. Each of these states is also known as a phase. Elements and compounds can move from one phase to another phase when special physical forces are present. One example of those forces is temperature. The phase or state of matter can change when the temperature changes. Generally, as the temperature rises, matter moves to a more active state. Phase describes a physical state of matter. The key word to notice is physical. Things only move from one phase to another by physical means. If energy is added (like increasing the temperature or increasing pressure) or if energy is taken away (like freezing something or decreasing pressure) you have created a physical change. One compound or element can move from phase to phase, but still be the same substance. You can see water vapor over a boiling pot of water. That vapor (or gas) can condense and become a drop of water. If you put that drop in the freezer, it would become a solid. No matter what phase it was in, it was always water. It always had the same chemical properties. On the other hand, a chemical change would change the way the water acted, eventually making it not water, but something completely new. 3.Примерный текст для письменного перевода со словарём на экзамене A novel solid-phase equivalent to the triflate group and its application to traceless linking and cross-coupling release strategies Adapted from: Andrew N. Cammidge et al, www.rsc.org/chemcomm 1. Read the text 2. Translate it into Russian 3. Give a short summary We wished to develop a solid-phase triflate equivalent using robust and simple chemistry and focused on aryl sulfonates. Polymer supported (simple) phenyl sulphonates have been employed in attempts to perform related chemistry but limited success was achieved.The catalytic process required for reduction or cross-coupling relies on Pd (0) insertion into the Ar – O bond. Successful reactions require this bond to be weakened by either electron withdrawing groups on the Ar or on the sulphonate ester. Efficient reductive cleavage was therefore only observed when electron withdrawing groups were present on the aryl residue. A more detailed solution phase study has been carried out by Cabri who examined the effect of electron withdrawing groups on the sulphonate, ranking efficiency CF p-FArAr , indicating the potential for polyfluorophenyl sulphonates. To establish the number of fluorines required for efficient Pd(0) insertion we performed further solution phase model reactions using 2,4-difluorophenylsulphonyl chloride.The corresponding esters were prepared from phenylphenol and reduced using standard (for triflates)conditions. Both reactions proceeded smoothly to give biphenyl as the only product (Scheme 1). The rates of the reactions were significantly different with the 2,4-difluorophenyl sulphonate requiring 6 h. The reaction employing the pentafluorophenyl sulphonate, in contrast, was complete in less than 1 h. This result indicates that 2 fluorine substituents are sufficient to enable reduction (Pd insertion) on electron-neutral residues, but the more powerfully electron deficient sulphonate permits reaction under milder conditions. II. Образцы самостоятельных работ 1.Примерное задание для самостоятельной работы на 2-м курсе в 4-м семестре Exercise 1 Choose the correct form of the verb, singular or plural. (1 point for each correct answer) 1. Physics was / were my best subject in school. 2. Can I borrow your scissors? Mine isn’t / aren’t sharp enough. 3. Do you think the people is / are happy with the government? 4. Gymnastics is / are my favourite sport. 5. The trousers you bought for me doesn’t / don’t fit me. Exercise 2 Change the following sentences from plural to singular. (1 point for each correct answer) 1. What criteria did the scientists use? 2. The formulae represent the molecular structures of the substances. 3. The investigated phenomena are not frequent. 4. The analyses of the results did not prove his hypotheses. 5. Electrolysis is used for purifying certain metals. Exercise 3 Write the plural form of the words in italics. (1 point for each correct answer) 1. Even the best psychiatrists sometimes make mistakes in their diagnosis and treatment. 2. Nuclear energy is produced using the heat generated by splitting the nucleus of atoms of certain elements. 3. Atoms emit or absorb quantum of equal energy. 4. Chemical equilibrium may be classified into two groups, namely homogenous and heterogenous equilibrium. 5. After analyzing the datum, they were able to draw conclusions. Total ___ out of 15 points Adapted from: ORESKÁ, A. et al. 2004. Activity Book English for Chemists. Bratislava: STU, 2005, p. 17. 2. Примерная самостоятельная работа в конце 5-го семестра 3-его курса (2 варианта)
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