Методические указания и контрольные задания для студентов заочной формы обучения 23. 02. 01 Организация перевозок и управление на транспорте (по видам) Базовая
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Вариант 4 1. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемые, определите их временную форму. Переведите предложения. 1) We shall attend lectures in physics next year. 2) She went to the swimming-pool last year. 3) I go to the technical college by bus. 4) The Trans-Siberian Railway always played a very important part in the economic development of our country. 2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните сказуемые. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемые в страдательном залоге. 1) Many workers and engineers are engaged in the construction of this plant. 2) The new project was given much place by all newspapers. 3) Trains will be made up with full equipment in coach yard. 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. 1) Не is the tallest of the two boys. 2) This work is more important than that work. 3) She bought a nice dress yesterday. 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на модaльные глаголы и их эквиваленты. 1) May I come in? 2) Tomorrow the workers will have to replace old motors with new ones. 3) Energy can exist in many forms. 5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастий. 1) The question discussed at the meeting is of great importance. 2) While building the first Metro line the workers encounted many difficulties. 3) Do you know the man talking to Mr. Smith? 6. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива. 1) This line was constructed to link central and eastern regions of the country. 2) To detect broken parts in time is very important. 7. Переведите текст письменно. Railways of Russia. The Soviet State got from the tsarist regime a poorly-organized and poorly-developed railway network. By 1917 the railway network was 70 000 km long Qnd most of it was in the European part of the coutry. The freight trains ran at speed of 30 kph and the passenger trains reached 45-50 kph. However, old Russia could be proud of its railway scientists and engineers who constructed good steam locomotives and the passenger cars produced in Russia were the best in Europe. The Trans-Siberian Railway was thought of as a very important means of communication between Europe and Asia. The trains for regular service on that line were made up of richly-decorated sleeping cars which provided many comforts for passengers. After the Great October Socialist Revolution the Sovet Government took steps to reconstruct the railways of the country. The development of railway transport was connected with the GOELRO plan. 8. Ответьте на вопросы. 1) Do you live in Yaroslavl? 2) Is Yaroslavl an ancient Russian city? 3) When was Yaroslavl founded? 4) Are there many industrial enterprises in Yaroslavl? 5) Is Yaroslavl a cultural centre? Вариант 5 1. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемые, определите их временную форму. Переведите предложения. 1) Our group finished the translation of the text yesterday. 2) He will work at a plant. 3) William Murdock built a working model of a steam locomotive in 1784. 4) Russia occupies a vast territory in two continents, Europe and Asia. 2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните сказуемые. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемые в страдательном залоге. 1) Steam locomotives are driven by means of steam. 2) The empty cars will be moved to the coach yard for inspection. 3) That book was ordered for me. 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. 1) She is the most practical of the family. 2) My sister is younger than my brother. 3) There is a nice park near our house. 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на мaдельные глаголы и их эквиваленты. 1) We shall be able to invite many people to the conference. 2) One object may be larger than another one but it may weight less. 3) We have to use computers in our work. 5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастий. 1) The steam locomotive invented by Stephenson developed a slow speed. 2) Going to the technical college I met my friend. 3) The book found by the students belongs to our teacher. 6. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива. 1) То increase the speed of trains is a very complicated problem. 2) He wants to become an engineer. 7. Переведите текст письменно. Rasiways of Russia. Nowadays, Railways of Russia carry about 50% of the world's rail traffic. Most traffic is carried by powerful diesel and electric locomotives. Automation and computers are introduced into many branches of railway engineering. Great attention is paid to high-speed running. Speeds of 120-150 kph are practical for express trains. In the near future Soviet trains will run at 200 kph. The first high speed train in the USSR has been developed in Riga. It is this train that is designed to run the high-speed service between Moscow and St. Petersburg. The international railway exibitions held in our country usually attract the attention of railway specialists and businessmen from abroad. The Soviet equipment includes modern locomotives and cars, track-laying machines, automatic telecommunication systems and other railway equipment. 8. Ответьте на вопросы. 1) What is your hobby? 2) Do you like reading? 3) What books do you read? 4) Do you read newspapers? 5) Do you often go to the theatre? Вариант 6 1. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемые, определите их временную форму. Переведите предложения. 1) We shall read the text tomorrow. 2) They were in Moscow last year. 3) Many seas and oceans wash the coast of Russia. 4) The very first railways used horses for drawing trains. 2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните сказуемые. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемые в страдательном залоге. 1) The rails are carefully inspected before they are laid in the track. 2) The first steam engine was made in 1808 by Richard Trevithick. 3) The "automatic drivers" (автомашинист) will be used on Metro lines in the nearest future. 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. 1) 1 met my best friend yesterday. 2) My room is larger than his room. 3) This is an important problem. 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на модaльные глаголы и их эквиваленты. 1) The train dispatcher must only give general orders and instructions. 2) They will be able to finish it only tomorrow. 3) The children may play in the yard after school. 5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастий. 1) The research done by the scientists gave good results. 2) The locomotives developing high speeds are used on this line. 3) Making a translation we write out the new words. 6. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива. 1) То design new buildings is the work of an architect. 2) We decided to visit a new terminal as soon as possible. 7. Переведите текст письменно. The Trans-Siberian Railway Russia occupies a vast territory in two continents, Europe and Asia. It has a dence railway network connecting its industrial centers in Europe with the Urals. But one of the most interesting railways - the Trans-Siberian mail line - connects Moscow with Vladivostok, a large port on the Pacific Ocean. The total length of the line is mearly 9 600 km. That is the world's longest railway. The construction of the Trans-Siberian line began in 1891 and it was put mto operation in 1905. Its reconstruction began after the Great October Socialist Revolution. Now the most of the line is electrified. All freight and passenger trains are operated by powerful diesel and electric locomotives. The trains develop 140 kph on some sections and the journey from Moscow to Vladivostok in the "Russia" express takes you you only 7 days. The Trans-Siberian Railway play a very important part in the economic development of our country because it carried a large volume of traffic. 8. Ответьте на вопросы.
Вариант 7 1. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемые, определите их временную форму. Переведите предложения. 1) These specialists work in the field of physics. 2) The freight trains will have maximum speed up to 100 km/h in the near future. 3) She studied English last year. 4) The construction of the Trans-Siberian line began in 1891. 2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните сказуемые. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемые в страдательном залоге. 1) Old stations will be reconstructed by metro workers next month. 2) A typical modern passenger car is made of steel. 3) In the early days of London's Underground the trains were hauled by steam locomotives. 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. 1) It is a difficult question. 2) Не was the latest man to come. 3) These dresses are better than those dresses. 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на модaльные глаголы и их эквиваленты. 1) The students have to work hard during the academic year. 2) They will be able to translate political articles without a dictionary. 3) The "Aurora" express can develop the speed of 160 km per hour. 5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастий. 1) While traveling in Europe they visited Spain. 2) The building of the BAM called "the project of the century" (стройка века) was necessary for our country. 3) The oldest bridges crossing the Moskva river are the Lefortovsky Bridage and the Bolshoi Kamenny Bridge. 6. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива. 1) The duty of this railway man is to drive a train. 2) To control the speed of trains is the task of the engineer. 7. Переведите текст письменно. The Moscow - Lake Baikal Railway The Trans-Siberian Railway always played a very important part in the economic development of our country. During the Great Patriotic War then most of our industry was concentrated in Siberia the Trans-Siberian Railway made a great contribution to the victory over the German armies. But operated by steam traction, the line could not carry a large volume of traffic. After the war the modernization problem was worked out as a part of the grandiose plan to transform Siberia into a highly developed industrial region. The modernization plan provided for the electrification of the Moscow-Lake Baikal section simultaneously with its reconstruction. It was a hard job which took a long time. In 1961 electric traction was introduced on the line. Now the Moscow-Lake Baikal Railway is the longest electrified main line in the world on which powerful electric and diesel locomotives draw long and heavy trains. The electrification of the Trans-Siberian railway east of Baikal continues. 8. Ответьте на вопросы. 1) Where is Great Britain situated? 2) What is the capital of Great Britain? 3) What is the population of the country? 4) Is Great Britain a highly developed industrial country? 5) What houses does the Parliament consist of? Вариант 8 1. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемые, определите их временную форму. Переведите предложения. 1) George Stephenson, an English inventor and engineer, built the steam locomotive "Rocket". 2) He comes to the technical college in the morning. 3) You will arrive in Paris tomorrow evening. 4) The student translated the text yesterday. 2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните сказуемые. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемые в страдательном залоге. 1) This railway line was constructed to link central and eastern regions of the country. 2) Automation and computers are introduced into many branches of railway engineering. 3) Soon all important tracks in our country will be electrified. 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. 1) There is a red carpet on the floor. 2) We know the shortest way to the station. 3) He makes more mistakes than you do. 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на модaльные глаголы и их эквиваленты. 1) Some time ago this journey had to last ten days. 2) We can think of heat as a special form of kinetic energy. 3) You may operate the vibrators either electrically or by compressed air. 5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастий. 1) Discussing the project the engineers spoke of its advantages. 2) The radio used for the sorting of trains makes the work of railmen easier. 3) An exhibition showing the latest achievements was organized in London. 6. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива. 1) You must work hard to pass this exam. 2) To help this student is our duty. 7. Переведите текст письменно. Soviet Train for high-speed Service The ER-200 was the first high-speed train to be brought into use in our country. It was built by the Riga Car Buildings works and intended for fast passenger service on the trunk lines, particularly on the Moscow-Leningrad route. It was a difficult task for the Sovet engineers to develop a train for running at 200 kph. No wonder that specialists of many institutes and plants took part in designing the first Soviet express. All passenger saloons are furnished with comfortable two-seat aircraft-like chairs along both sides of the coach. In winter, the electrical heating automatically maintains a temperature of 18-20°C in the saloon. The air-conditioning all coaches are equipped with also contributes to passenger comfort. The cars have good sound-proofing, which ensures a relatively low noise level in spite of the ER-200's high speed. 8. Ответьте на вопросы. 1) Do you study at the Railway Transport Technical College, in Yaroslavl? 2) Do you study at the daytime or extra-mural department? 3) How long does the course of study at the College last? 4) When was the Technical College founded? 5) Will you be a railway man? Вариант 9 1. Перепишите предложения. Подчеркните сказуемые, определите их временную форму. Переведите предложения. 1) Many young specialists work in different branches of science. 2) Our scientists will create new synthetic materials. 3) He wrote some articles for the new magazine. 4) My sister lived in Moscow two years ago. 2. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните сказуемые. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сказуемые в страдательном залоге. 1) The construction of the first Metro line in Moscow was completed in 1935. 2) The electronic computers are widely used at the Metro. 3) A speed of 200 kph will be developed by modern locomotives. 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий. 1) Не has more free time than I have. 2) It is a very comfortable armchair. 3) Winter is the coldest season in a year. 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на модaльные глаголы и их эквиваленты. 1) The students had to work hard during the academic year. 2) The building of an underground railway system can meet the needs of the rapidly growing city. 3) You may not take so many people for this cruise. 5. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции причастий. 1) Translating this scientific article our students used dictionaries. 2) When opened for traffic, this trunk-line connected Europe and Asia. 3) Modern computers solving problems so quickly are electronic machines. 6. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на функции инфинитива. 1) The train was at the station to take passengers to Moscow. 2) To increase the speed of trains is a complicated problem. 7. Переведите текст письменно. Underground Railways The underground railways as a kind of city transport appeared in the second half of the 19th century. The first underground system was proposed for London in 1843. But most people criticized the project. When constructed, the Metropolitan line, as it was called, was not a success. It was a short distance railway, only a few miles in length and Londoners want on traveling by surface transport as they feared to get deep under the ground. While traveling, public experienced many discomforts. The tunnels were made as small as possible in order to reduce construction costs. The coaches were small and narrow. The small windows in the trains were made in the roof so that passengers could see nothing. The oil and gas lamp gave little light. The steam locomotives filled the tunnels with steam and smoke. It was this discomfort that made engineers introduce electric traction for hauling trains on underground railways. 8. Ответьте на вопросы. 1) Is Russia the largest country in the Union of Independent Countries? 2) Where is Russia situated? 3) What is the capital of Russia? 4) Is the Volga the biggest and the most famous river in Russia? 5) Is Russia very rich in mineral resources? |
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