Учебно-методический комплекс для студентов специальности 080107 «Налоги и налогообложение»

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Название	Учебно-методический комплекс для студентов специальности 080107 «Налоги и налогообложение»
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Тип	Учебно-методический комплекс

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Тест V. The Infinitive

Выберите правильный вариант ответа

I find ._____. a very nice woman and a very skilled computer programmer.
1. her to be
2. B. she to be
3. C. her be

Have you ever seen ._____ in public places?
1. my daughter to misbehaving
2. my daughter to misbehave
3. my daughter misbehave

Have you ever known ._____ on time? He has never been punctual.
1. he to come
2. him to come
3. him to be coming

Your husband's passport is not valid. Why can’t you get _____. his passport?
1. him to have renewed

B. him renew

C. him to renew

Tim heard _____. and saw a woman appear in the doorway.
1. the floor boards to creak

B. the floor boards creak

C. the floor boards creaking

The boy urged _____ faster.
1. his mother walking

B. that his mother walks

C. his mother to walk

We expect the Irish delegation _____.. tomorrow.
1. to leave

B. to be leaving

C.to have left

At the airport they reported ._____ .
1. the flight to delay

B. the flight to be delayed

C. the flight to have been delayed

Why didn’t you let ._____ her own way?
1. her have

B. she have

C. her had

The room was very crowded, so nobody noticed _____. the room.
1. Jimmy leaving

B. Jimmy to lea

C. Jimmy leave

The children are making too much noise. I’d like ._____. quiet.
1. they to be

B.them to be

C. that they be

The last drop makes ._____
1. the cup run over

B. the cup running over

C. the cups run over

Would you have these ._____ over to your place?
1. people to come

B. people come

C. people to be coming

Can you believe._____. a bank?
1. he to have robbed

B. him to have robbed

C. him to rob

Did you watch _____. over that wall?
1. the boys to climb

B. the boys climb

C. the boys to be climbing

II. ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ РАБОТЫ
Практическая работа № 1

Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в соответствующей форме.
ОБРАЗЕЦ:

If too much money (to be) available, its value would decrease and it would result in inflation.

If too much money were available, its value would decrease and it would result in inflation.
1. Many companies (to lose) their stable position in the market if recession (спад производства) continues.

2. If governments reduced restrictions and tariffs, it (to promote) the expansion of world trade.

3. If the effective demand had been sufficient, there (to be) a high level of economic activity.

4. The same amount of depreciation would be evaluated each year if the accountant (to choose) the straight-line method.

5. If the company (to choose) proper ways to use its assets for producing goods and rendering services, it would have earned enough revenue to stay in business.

6. If output decreases, the company’s costs per unit of goods produced (to go up).

7. The company would have achieved a higher sales level if the retail price (to decrease).

8. If the company (to introduce) a new product, it would have increased the company's future cash flows.

Практическая работа № 2

Переведите на английский язык выделенные части предложения в соответствии с типом условного предложения
ОБРАЗЕЦ:

If the company's business is profitable, он 6yдem npuвлекать больше вложений и акционеров.

If the company's business is profitable, it will attract more investments and shareholders.
1. If the available resources had been used economically, они покрыли бы издержки производства и обеспечили бы более высокие прибыли.

2. Если бы долгосрочный план развития производства не был разработан заранее,

the efficiency of the management would have been lower.

3. The net loss of the company would be lower, npu ycnoeuu чmo ocновные aкmuвы использовались бы рационально.

4. Unless the financial statements are published, налоговые opzaнизации u дpyzue заинтересованные группы не смогут оценить финансовое положение компании.

5. Если бы морально устаревшее оборудование не заменялось вовремя, the company's products wouldn't be competitive in the market.

6. Provided the total amount of revenues and expenses had been calculated, бухгалтер определил бы доход компании.

7. The company could employ more qualified workers, ecлu бы имела на рынке более высокую репутацию, чем конкуренты.

8. The situation will lead to hyperinflation in the country, при условии, что не будет

жесткого правительственного контроля за движением наличности на рынке.

9. The agriculturists would have had smaller losses, если бы не харкая сухая погода летом.
Практическая работа № 3

Переведите русские части предложений на английский язык, используя обороты с простыми и сложными формами причастий.

ОБРАЗЕЦ:. Используя кредитные карточки, the busy people can relatively easily purchase goods by mail or telephone.

Using credit cards, the busy people can relatively easily purchase goods by mail or telephone.
1. 1. Налагая таможенные тарифы, the governments protect domestic producers.

2. Наложив таможенные тарифы, the government protected domestic producers.

3. Koгда они налагаются, customs tariffs protect domestic producers. .

4. Koгда они наложены, customs tariffs protected domestic producers
1I. 1. Содействуя международной торговле, the government increases the wealth of its nation.

2. Оказав содействие международной торговле, the government increased the wealth of its nation.

3. Когда международной торговле содействует правительство, foreign trade increases the wealth of the nation.

4. Когда правительство оказало содействие международной торговле, foreign trade increased the wealth of the nation.
1II. 1. Признавая принципы относительного преимущества, a nation gains from trading certain goods

2. Признав принципы относительного преимущества, a nation gained from trading certain goods.

3. Ecлu ezo npuзнают, the principle of comparative advantage helps the nation to gain from trading certain goods.

4. Когда он был признан, the principle of comparative advantage helped the nation to gain from trading certain goods.

1Y. 1. Покупая товары в небольших количествах, retailers sell them directly to consumers.

2. Kynuв moeapы в небольшом количестве, retailers sold them directly to consumers.

3. Если их покупают в небольшом количестве, the goods are sold by retailers directly to consumers.

4. После того как они были куплены в небольшом количестве, the goods were sold by retailers directly to consumers.

Практическая работа № 4

Раскройте скобки и употребите соответствующие обороты с герундием. Не забудьте поставить перед герундием предлог, где необходимо.
ОБРАЗЕЦ: The manager insisted (the accountant) (to hand in the balance sheet) in due time.

The manager insisted on the accountant handing in the balance sheet in due time.
1. Economists argue that minimum wage prevents (businessmen) (to employ young workers with little human capital).

2. The fiscal police suspected (the company) (not to declare all its profits).

3. The Minister thanked citizens and firms (to allocate means) for coping with the earthquake aftermath (последствия землетрясения).

4. The company must compensate stockholders (not to pay dividends in time), as these troubles were due (to run the company improperly).

5. The Mayor spoke (to raise tax rates on non-residents'property).

6. The customers were told (the company) (to open a new modern department store) in their district.

7. By 1994 more than 100 nations agreed (to ratify the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) removing many trade restrictions.

8. The principle of comparative advantage explains why different countries tend to specialize (to produce particular commodities).

Практическая работа № 5

Переведите на английский язык части предложений в скобках, употребив герундий в соответствующей форме.
ОБРАЗЕЦ:. Some Members of the Parliament in Russia insisted on ( установлении контроля за кредитно-денежной политикой Центрального банка)

Some Members of the Parliament in Russia insisted on imposing control over the Central Bank’s monetary policy.
1. The employees were told of (президент компании приедет завтра).

2. Taking into account the company's high reputation among businessmen, the creditors have agreed to (она выплатит долги через месяц).

3. It is known that the author's copyright prevents publishers from (публикации его книги) without (получения разрешения).

4. In the 1990s the Rover Group, the major UK car producer, approved of (ограничение импорта машин в Великобританию), as it could lead to job losses in the country's car industry.

5. Both nations participating in (торговля автомобилями) can benefit from (применения принципа сравнительного преимущества).

6. Being limited by resources, the company should concentrate on (решении самых важных задач).

7. Many countries of the former Soviet bloc think of (присоединении к Европейскому Союзу).

8. A common (общий) agricultural policy of the EC members is to protect domestic producers against (импорта дешевых сельскохозяйственных продуктов) from non-member countries.

9. When a country entirely relies on (получение иностранной финансовой помощи), it can lose its independence.
Практическая работа № 6

Измените порядок слов в предложениях, используя конструкцию «сложное подлежащее».

ОБРАЗЕЦ: Economists believe unemployment benefits to stop people from looking for a job. -Unemployment benefits are believed to stop people from looking for a job.
1. Economists think youth employment to be low in Germany because education is subsidized by the state.

2. Economists consider government spending cuts to be necessary in order to cut taxes.

3. Economists say economic system to be the particular way in which the economic activity in a country is organized.

4. Economists believe workers in poor countries to be much less productive as a result of bad working conditions.

5. Statistics say the 16 percent of world population living in the industrial countries receive nearly 80 percent of the world income.

6. We know public goods to be paid for out of general taxation

7. We know a subvention to be money given by a government, a person or an organization to help somebody do something for the good of the public, for example, in education or sciences.

8. We consider a subsidy to be money given by a government to' certain producers to help them to produce at a low price goods and services needed by the public
Практическая работа №7

Объедините или измените следующие предложения по образцу, используя конструкцию «сложное дополнение».
OБPA3EЦ: It is known to every economist that an increase in the price of a factor will reduce demand for it. Every economist knows an increase in the price of a factor to reduce demand for it.
1. The rate of unemployment in tourist areas is higher than in highly industrialized ones. Economists know this.

2. It is well known to economists that the motives for nationalization are political as well as economic.

3. As prices for fuel and electricity have risen, we expect an increase in all prices.

4. The degree of profitability in private enterprises is higher than in the public sector. Some economists think so.

5. Many experts think that the growing use of fertilizers and other chemicals presents a danger for the environment.

6. Experts expected that the Iran-Iraq war would cause a sharp rise of oil prices in 1979-1980.
Практическая работа № 8

Заполните пропуски соответствующими модальными глаголами: should, can, must.
1. Due to progressive taxation the government ____redistribute national income among the rich and the poor.

2. Positive economics ____be defined as a science concerned with the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services.

3. Local government expenditure ____ meet a variety of people's everyday needs: from cleaning the streets to providing local schooling. It is known that these expenditures ____ be financed through taxes.

4. According to the most general classification, capital ____ be classified as physical, human and financial. The latter ____ be grouped into fixed and circulating.

5. The money _____be exchanged for whatever goods and services a producer requires.

6. The annual GNP figures ____ be adjusted for price changes before any comparisons in the rates of economic growth ____ be made.

7. Government regulations____ be in the interest of society.

8. Making a decision, the economist ____ rely on all the information that he can find.
Практическая работа № 9

Заполните пропуски следующими словами и словосочетаниями в соответствующей форме:
profitable, though (2), conditions ( 2), meet the demands, although, lease, rent, advantage, disadvantage, purchase, to provide, besides
1. After the 1973 shock rise in oil prices US firms tried to stay in business for some time, ____they were given a new blow by the second sharp rise in oil prices in 1980-81.

2. Economic statistics have to ____ ____ ____. of various potential users.

3. Industry-specific human capital has both ____ and ____. ____.experienced workers get higher wages, they may have difficulty in finding a job if their human capital has become of no or little value.

4. Economic .____are constantly changing.

5. With risen prices for oil, producers find it ____to do research on substitute sources of energy.

6. To analyze the labour market, an economist should first explain how and under which ____people allocate their time to business, which means he should study the supply of labour. ____, he should decide how firms employ labour, which means he should study demand for labour.

7. Part of national income is spent on the ____ of imported goods and services ____it should not exceed a certain share of it.

8. Transfer of surplus labour from agriculture to industry can .____a source of economic growth.

9. ____is a contract under which the owner of a building, machinery, land, etc. lets someone use his asset for a specified period of time in return for periodic payments of ____.

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Учебно-методический комплекс для студентов специальности 080107 «Налоги и налогообложение»

Тест V. The Infinitive

Выберите правильный вариант ответа

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