Учебно-методическое пособие по разделу «Профессиональный модуль» курса «Английский язык» по специальности140448 «Техническая эксплуатация и обслуживание электрического и электромеханического оборудования (по отраслям)» Номинация
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Текст№ 16 Translate the text: Transformers One of the great advantages in the use of the alternating currents is the ease with which the voltage may be changed by means of a relatively simple device known as a transformer. Although there are many different applications, the principles of action are the same in each case. The basic arrangement consists of a laminated iron core forming a closed magnetic circuit on which two separate windings are mounted. One winding, called the primary, is connected to the a.c. supply, and the other winding, the secondary, produces a voltage which can have any desired value if the respective windings are suitably designed. The transformer relies for its action upon the fact that when a magnetic field passing through a coil is changed or varied a voltage is produced in the coil. The amount of this voltage is proportional to the number of turns in the coil and to the rate at which the magnetic field varies. In general, it is approximately true that the ratio of the primary to the secondary voltage is equal to the ratio of the number of primary turns to the number of secondary turns. This ratio is not exact because of leakage effects in the magnetic circuit. II. Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood. III. a) Find in the text English equivalents: источник переменного тока работа трансформатора основана на пропорционален числу витков b) Translatethetext: Оборудования работающего на основе использования возобновляемых источников энергии для автономного тепло- и электроснабжения частных домов и зданий. С его помощью можно частично или полностью покрыть энергозатраты практически любого объекта. солнечные вакуумные водонагреватели для круглогодичного производства горячей воды ветрогенераторы для выработки электроэнергии. солнечные фотоэлектрические батареи и товары на их основе – зарядные устройства, фонари, энергоэффективные светодиодные лампы. IV. Fill in the blanks with the articles a, an, the and prepositions, where necessary: When Mary was to open a meeting ... the first time ... her life, her voice shook ... excitement. The young scientist shook hands...his friends who had com ... the airport to see him.... I wonder why Bob is such an ill-natured boy. It's a pity he takes ... his mother only ... appearance! Ask Kate to join ... our party. She looks serious, but 1 know she is very gay ... nature and is fond of ... singing and dancing. V. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct voice and tense-forms: 1. That young singer has had very good training. He (to sing) for half an hour and never (to stop) for a moment to rest. 2. It is unfair of you to be so cross with the man. He (to be) away for two weeks and you can't blame him for few mistakes that (to make) during his absence. 3. Our reply (to send) to you as soon as all the dates (to fix) finally. At the moment some of them (to consider) still. VI. Fill in the blanks with the necessary forms of Modal Verbs: (must, should, would, ought to, needn't, can, could, may, might) 1. They ... not do this work themselves. 2. You ... take my dictionary. 3. You don't look well, you ... consult the doctor. 4. Why ... I give you my money? 5. She ... not speak any foreign language. 6. He ... to help them, they need his help. 7. ... you tell me the time? 8. ... I go with you? No, you .... Текст№ 17 I. Translate the text: Auto-Transformers The Transformer effect can also be obtained with a single tapped winding instead of separate primary and secondary windings. The arrangement is called an auto-transformer. If the primary winding n 'resents the whole coil, the secondary voltage will be substantially the same proportion of the applied voltage as the proportion between the turns up to the secondary tapping and the total number of turns. By interchanging the voltage so that the supply is connected to the smaller number of turns, a voltage larger than the supply voltage appears across the whole coil. The auto-transformer can thus be used to obtain a higher or lower voltage than the supply, as in the case of the convential transformer with two separate windings. In practice, the use of auto- transformers is limited to fairly small voltage ratios, one reason being that if a break occurs anywhere in the secondary section of the winding, the primary Voltage is applied to the apparatus connected to the secondary. With a high primary voltage this would give dangerous conditions. The chief uses of auto- transformers, are in a.c. voltage regulation and for infrequent service such as the low-voltage starting of induction motors. II. Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood. III. a) Find in the text English equivalents: на одной обмотке с отпайкой общее число витков запуск асинхронных двигателей на низком напряжении b)Техника безопасности: Бытовые приборы, имеющие защиту от воздействия влаги, имеют специальную маркировку, однако это вовсе не значит, что не следует быть внимательным. Всегда помните о том, что сочетание воды и электричества очень опасно. IV. Fill in the blanks with the articles a, an, the and prepositions, where necessary: 1.What ... fine day it is today! 2. ... History and Computer Science were ... my favorite subjects at ... school. 3. I don’t know ... way to ... station. 4. He is ... engineerby ... profession. 5. Usually I get up at ... 7 o'clock in ... morning. 6. ... Rostov is on ... right bank of... Don. 7. Will you have ... cup ... of tea? 8. ...Warsaw is ... capital of Poland. V. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense-forms: She (not like) loud music. His sister (go) to the seaside next July. I not (write) this letter now. I (write) it in some days. She already (answer) the letter. I (not see) him for three years. You (switch off) the light before you left the house? I (not meet) him last week. Текст№18 I. Translate the text. Protection and control equipment In electrical systems for the generation, distribution and use of electrical energy, considerable control equipment is necessary. It can be divided into t\v. classes: A) equipment used at the generating and distributing end; b) equipment used at the receiving end of the system. Safety switches are used at the point where the power enters the building. They are of the knife type and are usually enclosed in metallic boxes. A magnetic contactor is used to make and break the circuit at the points where considerable power used. An automatic starter is a device which is used to keep the current from being excessive while the motor is obtaining full speed. It is a kind of a resistance inserted in series with the direct current armature. As the motor obtains speed it gradually removes. II. Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood. III. a) Find in the text English equivalents: -аварийный выключатель, предохранительный выключатель -замыкать и размыкать цепь -предохранять от сверхтоков, от перегрузки -постепенно выводится b) Translatethetext: Вещества, которые имеют далеко расставленные атомы, электроны, прочно связанные с ядром, которые не могут свободно перемещаться. Такие вещества не являются проводниками и их принято называть диэлектриками, самым известным из которых является резина. Это и есть ответ на вопрос, почему электрические провода делают из металла. IV. Fill in blanks with the Past Progressive or the Past Simple Tense of the verbs in margin. 1. I ... a letter to my friend yesterday. write 2. We ... to a lecture yesterday at ten o'clock. listen 3. She ... the piano from 11 till 12 o'clock. play 4. When he ... in, I ... my exercises. come, do 5. What ... you yesterday at 8 o'clock? do 6. Yesterday when I ... the newspaper, my sister ... to a concert over the radio. read, listen 7. She ... out of the window when I ... her. look, see 8. I ... along the street with my friend when the car … by. walk 9. It ... the whole day yesterday. rain V. Choose the correct word form those given in brackets: 1 .When I saw that actress on the stage for the first time, she (to look like, to take after) a small girl. From her biography I learnt that she (to look like, to take after) her mother, who had also been a great actress. 2. If you want some information on trade, go to the Ministry library. There are a lot of good (magazines, a journals) on the subject there. VI. Fill in the blanks with the necessary forms of Modal Verbs: ( must, should, would, ought to, needn't, can, could, may, might) 1. They ... not do this work themselves. 2. You ...take my dictionary. 3. You don't look well, you ... consult the doctor. 4. Why ... I give you my money? 5. She ... not speak any foreign language. 6. He ... to help them, they need his help. 7. ... you tell me the time? 8. ... I go with you? No, you .... 9. Your daughter ... have told about it. 10. In winter we ... often skate. 11. You ... not miss your classes. 12. ... you play the piano before? Текст№19 I. Translate the text Automatic Voltage regulators In the generation and distribution of electrical energy it is important to keep the line voltage constant as the load or speed changes. Where the load is changed gradually rheostats are used, in installations where the load may change rapidly automatic voltage regulators are used. To protect electrical equipment and the wiring from damage due to short circuits and overloads, fuses or circuit breakers are usually used. The fuse is known to be a device for inserting in the circuit a strip of metal which melts at a relatively low temperature. The fuse will melt if the current gets above a certain limit. A circuit breaker is similar to the magnetic contactor. II. Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood. III. a) Find in the text English equipment: - при изменении нагрузки или оборотов поддерживать линейное напряжение постоянным - из-за коротких замыканий и перегрузок -известно, что плавкий предохранитель представляет собою приспособление - если ток переходит определенный предел b) Translatethetext. Перегрузка электрической сети является одной из самых распространенных причин короткого замыкания. Короткое замыкание может произойти и из-за воздействия влаги. Электроустановочные устройства – розетки и выключатели также должны быть влагозащищенными. Внутренняя проводка, а если это невозможно, то внешняя проводка должна быть хорошо изолирована. IV. Change the verbs in bracket by Gerunds. Put prepositions where necessary. I have no intention ... (to stay) here any longer. She insisted ... (to help) me. Are you fond of ... (to play). They have had very much experience ... (to cast). There was no possibility ... (to come) in time. There is little chance ... (to see) him today. We have the pleasure ... (to invite) them to the evening party. I think ... (to go) to the South in summer. V. Fill in the blanks with the necessary forms of Modal Verbs: (must, should, would, ought to, needn't, can, could, may, might) 1. They...not do this work themselves. 2. You...take my dictionary. 3. You don't look well, you... consult the doctor. 4. Why... I give you my money? 5. She... not speak any foreign language. 6. He...to help them, they need his help. 7. ...you tell me the time? VI. Choose the correct variant 1. I want to go shopping but if you ______ to come, you -want, need -not want, needn't -don't want, needn't -do want, needn't 2. If you ______ on this tram it'll take you to the downtown. - 'll get - have got - got -get 3. He ______ to the country tomorrow if the weather is fine. - go -goes - 'll go -'d go 4. You'll understand nothing unless you ______ the book yourself. - read -won't read -don't read - 'll read 5. You'll understand this rule after your teacher ______ it to you. - 'll explain - explain -explains - don't explain Текст№20 I. Translate the text: Care of the electrical equipment As a rule electrical equipment operates reliably. Still it does not mean that it deserves no attention. It is necessary to give the equipment frequent inspections, keep it well cleaned, lubricated and repaired. Undue heating, vibration, sparking should be immediately removed. Heating may be due to overload or to a short circuit between turns, lack of oil in bearings. Vibration may be due to unproper foundation, unbalance in the moving parts of the machine. Conductors may get heated because of overload or by reason of damage of the insulation of the conductor. An electrical machine of any kind requires certain conditions under which it may operate reliably: temperature and freedom of access of surrounding air, need for protection against dirt, dust, type and duration of load, etc. Rotating machines should be placed on solid foundations. Conductors should be protected against mechanical damage. All measures of safety precaution must be undertaken. II. Write out from the text the sentences with verbs in the form of the Participle or the Gerund or the Subjunctive mood. III. a) Find in the text English equipments: - короткое замыкание между витками - чрезмерное нагревание - меры по технике безопасности b) Техника безопасности: Ни в коем случае нельзя одновременно дотрагиваться до бытовых приборов и заземленных предметов (водопроводные трубы, батареи центрального отопления и т. д.). Вполне возможно, что на корпус бытового прибора пробивает электричество. В последнее время все больше и больше приборов имеют заземление. Это делается для обеспечения безопасности потребителей. Такие бытовые приборы имеют трехжильный шнур и вилку с тремя контактами. IV. Fill in the blanks with the articles a, an, the and prepositions, where necessary: When Mary was to open a meeting ... the first time ... her life, her voice shook ... excitement. The young scientist shook hands ... his friends who had come ... the airport to see him.... I wonder why Bob is such an ill-natured boy. It's a pity he takes ... his mother only ... appearance! Ask Kate to join ... our party. She looks serious, but I know she is very gay ... nature and is fond of ... singing and dancing. V. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct voice and tense-forms: 1. Don't let the boy stay out so long. He (to run about) for three hours, and may catch cold. 2. That young singer has had very good training. He (to sing) for half an hour and never (to stop) for a moment's rest. 3. It is unfair of you to be so cross with the man. He (to be) away for two weeks and you can't blame him for few mistakes that (to make) during his absence. 4. Our reply (to send) to you as soon as all the dates (to fix) finally. At the moment some of them (to consider) still. VI. Fill in the blanks with prepositions and adverbial particles where necessary: 1. Instead ... buying something ... everyday wear, as she had first intended, Mary bought a ... sleeveless dress ... better wear. 2. I don't advise you to buy this pair ... shoes. I am afraid they'll soon wear.... 3.1 wonder why the water has set the table ... two persons instead ... three. 4. Speaking at the production meeting, the director ... the factory pointed ... that each ... the workers and engineers was responsible ... carrying ... the plan. 5. She said that the new film was worth seeing, but there was such an expression ... her face that I thought she was saying it only ... fun. 7. Литература: Агабекян И.П. для средних специальных заведений, серия «Учебники и учебные пособия»- Ростов на Дону: «Феникс», 2011. Учебник английского языка для студентов технических университетов и вузов. Орловская И.В., Самсонова Л.С., Скубриева А.И. 6-е изд., стереотип. - М.: Изд-во МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, 448,2010. . Орловская И.В., Самсонова Л.С. Учебник английского языка для технических университетов и вузов, 2011. Macmillan Guide to Economics. Л.К. Раицкая - Макмиллан, Оксфорд, p. 145,2007 Справочная литература: Большой англо-русский политехнический словарь (комплект из 2 книг), Издательство "РУССО",1993-2011. Русско-английский словарь Автор: Коллектив авторов Издательство: Астрель Год: 384,2009 http://ogoom.com/soft/105241-tehnicheskiy-anglo-russkiy-russko-angliyskiy-slovar.html Oxford Essential Dictionary (Elementary and Pre-Intermediate A1to A2) - OUP, p. 475, 2009 Интернет ресурсы: www.enlish-to-go.com; http://translate.google.ru/; http://www.translate.ru/; http://www.alleng.ru/d/engl/engl133.htm-образовательные ресурсы Английский язык |
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