Конкурс понимания устного текста
В комплект материалов, необходимых для проведения конкурса понимания устного текста, входят:
1. Методические рекомендации
2. Описание процедуры проведения конкурса понимания устного текста
3. Текст задания
4. Лист ответа (для каждого участника)
5. Ключи (для членов жюри)
6. Пленка с записью звучащего текста для прослушивания в каждой аудитории
7. Текст записи (для членов жюри)
Методические рекомендации
Задания по аудированию состоят из двух частей (всего 20 заданий). На выполнение всех заданий отводится 30 минут, в которые входит и внесение ответов в ответные листы.
Первое задание – прослушивание лекции о пищевых добавках. После прослушивания (пленка прослушивается 2 раза) Участникам предлагается из трех вариантов ответа на вопрос или продолжения предложения выбрать один, который точнее всего передает содержание соответствующего сообщения.
Второе задание представляет собой интервью о жизни менеджеров в разных странах (пленка прослушивается 2 раза). Участникам предлагается из трех вариантов ответа на вопрос или продолжения предложения выбрать один, который точнее всего передает содержание соответствующего сообщения.
При подготовке материалов для конкурса понимания устного текста методическая комиссия исходила из следующих положений:
1. Сложность текстов соответствует продвинутому пороговому уровню В2 по шкале Совета Европы.
2. По тематике тексты предлагают обсуждение тем общего характера, представляющих интерес для молодежи..
3. Выбранные тексты представляют собой монолог и диалог;
4.. Более сложный текст (№1) сочетается с менее сложным (№2).
5. Речь говорящих четкая, находится в пределах литературной нормы; темп речи естественный.
6. В текстах может содержаться до 2-3 % незнакомых слов, незнание которых не должно препятствовать пониманию текста и выполнению заданий по тексту.
Правильность выполнения заданий проверяется по ключам (см. Ключи).
Критерии оценивания: За каждый правильный ответ дается 1 балл.
Listening
Task 1
You will now hear an extract from a radio talk on food additives. Listen to the talk and for questions 1 - 10 choose the best option A, B or C. You will hear the extract twice.
You have one minute to study the questions.
1. Food additives are used to make food…
A. less expensive.
B. more spoilage resistant.
C. easier to manufacture.
2. Those who grow and produce their own food…
A. have to cook it longer.
B. take bigger risks.
C. may do without additives.
3. The emulsifiers are used to …
A. make product’s composition consistent.
B. substitute salt in products.
C. separate substances in products.
4. Stabilizers are used to make products’ texture…
A. thicker. B. smoother. C. harder.
5. Food additives help to reduce malnutrition by…
A. substituting some common foods.
B. preserving minerals in food processing.
C. enriching food with vitamins.
6. Palatability of food can be maintained with the help of additives called…
A. anti-oxidants. B. fungi. C. anti-caking agents.
7. Acidity/alkalinity is controlled to improve products’ …
A. weight. B. taste. C. nutrition value.
8. Products are helped to rise during baking by…
A. leavening agents. B. acidity agents. C. anti-caking agents.
9. Many additives are…
A. of foreign origin.
B. never mentioned among product ingredients.
C. very well known under a different name.
10. All food is made up of…
A. additives. B. chemicals. C. carbon.
Task 2
Listen to the radio interview about life for business managers. Decide which of the following statements (items 11-20) are True (A), False (B) or on which the information in the interview was Not Stated (C). You will hear the radio interview twice.
11. More than 10000 managers took part in the survey.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
12. The survey involved senior managers.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
13. About 50 countries participated in the survey.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
14. The results for Britain were as expected.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
15. The main measure of condition was a manager’s salary.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
16. It was very difficult to calculate the buying power of a salary.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
17. A further study will follow.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
18. The standard of managers’ living turned out to be higher in Germany than the USA.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
19. The results for Ecuador were very surprising for the sociologists.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
20. There were no European countries among the worst for managers.
A. True B. False C. Not Stated
TRANSFER ALL YOUR ANSWERS TO YOUR ANSWER SHEET
ID NUMBER
ANSWER SHEET
Item
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1
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A
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B
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C
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2
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A
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B
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C
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3
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A
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B
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C
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4
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A
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B
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C
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5
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A
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B
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C
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6
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A
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B
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C
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7
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A
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B
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C
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8
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A
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B
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C
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9
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A
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B
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C
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10
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A
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B
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C
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11
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A
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B
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C
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12
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A
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B
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C
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13
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A
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B
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C
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14
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A
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B
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C
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15
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A
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B
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C
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16
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A
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B
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C
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17
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A
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B
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C
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18
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A
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B
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C
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19
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A
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B
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C
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20
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A
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B
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C
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KEYS
Item
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1
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A
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B
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C
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2
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A
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B
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C
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3
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A
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B
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C
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4
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A
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B
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C
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5
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A
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B
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C
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6
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A
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B
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C
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7
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A
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B
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C
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8
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A
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B
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C
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9
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A
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B
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C
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10
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A
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B
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C
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11
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A
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B
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C
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12
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A
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B
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C
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13
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A
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B
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C
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14
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A
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B
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C
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15
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A
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B
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C
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16
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A
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B
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C
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17
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A
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B
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C
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18
|
A
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B
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C
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19
|
A
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B
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C
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20
|
A
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B
|
C
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SCRIPT
Внимание! Каждый текст прослушивается два раза. После первого прослушивания текста запись не останавливается. Между первым и вторым прослушиванием текста в записи сделана пауза примерно 30 секунд.
1. Food Additives
Food additives have been getting a rather bad press recently. So it’s not surprising that the many useful functions that they perform are often taken for granted. Since most of us no longer live on farms additives help keep food in good condition while on route to markets sometimes thousands of miles away from where it is grown and manufactured.
They also improve the food’s value and of course they can make it more attractive. Some additives could be eliminated if we were willing to grow our own food, harvest and process it and spend many hours cooking and canning or accept increased risks of food going bad.
But most people today have come to rely on the many technological aesthetic and convenience benefits that additives provide in food.
So why do we use additives in food? There are five main reasons.
First of all they maintain product’s consistency. Emulsifiers give products a consistent texture and prevent them from separating. Stabilizers and thickeners give smooth and uniform texture. Anti-caking agents help substances such as salt to flow freely.
Secondly they improve or maintain nutritional value. Vitamins and minerals are added to many common foods such as milk, flour, cereal and margarine to make up for those likely to be lacking in a person’s diet or lost in processing. This has helped to reduce malnutrition even in the wealthier countries of the world such as the USA.
The third reason why we use them is to maintain palatability and wholesomeness. Preservatives slow down product spoilage caused by mould, air, bacteria, fungi or yeast. Antioxidants are preservatives that prevent fats and oils in, for example, baked goods from becoming rancid or tasting funny. They also prevent cut fresh foods, such as apples, from turning brown when exposed to air.
We also use additives to provide leavening or control acidity/alkalinity. Leavening agents release acids when heated to help cakes, biscuits and other goods to rise during baking. Other additives help modify the acidity/alkalinity of foods for proper flavour, taste and colour.
And finally, additives are used to improve flavour or produce the desired colour. Many spices and natural and synthetic flavours enhance the taste of foods. Colours likewise improve the appearance of certain foods to meet consumer expectations.
Many substances added to food may seem foreign when listed in chemical form on the ingredient label. This often makes people suspicious but many of them are quite familiar. For example, ascorbic acid is another name for vitamin C, alpha-tocopherol is another name for vitamin E and beta-carotene is the source of vitamin A. Although there are no easy synonyms for all additives it is helpful to remember that all food is made up of chemicals. Carbon, hydrogen and other chemical elements provide the basic building blocks of everything in life.
Внимание! Между первым и вторым отрывками в записи сделана пауза примерно 2 минуты. Длинная пауза в записи сделана для того, чтобы участники олимпиады могли ознакомиться с вопросами ко второму отрывку.
2. Life for business managers
In the studio today we have Mike Holliday from the sociology department of Queensgate University.
A: Mike, you’ve been involved in an international survey into the quality of life enjoyed by business managers.
B: Yes, I have. It was a very interesting survey of over 1000 managers worldwide.
A: What kinds of managers were you investigating?
B: Well, we looked at managers in all branches of industry but we only looked at senior management. A further study will deal with middle management but it wasn’t our brief this time round.
A: How big was the range of countries involved?
B: We were able to conduct an extremely broad survey looking at conditions for managers in almost fifty countries. Nothing quite so large scale has ever been attempted before.
A: Well, the question that I’m sure our listeners are keen to have answered is “How do managers in the UK compare with those elsewhere”.
B: Actually, we found they did surprisingly poorly, even though the British economy is doing quite well at the moment. Britain ranked eleventh on our scale.
A: Were you just translating all salaries in US dollars and then seeing which was the biggest?
B: No, it was a bit more sophisticated than that. The actual amount you earn is not as important as what you can do with it. The US dollar or equivalent will buy you an awful lot more in some countries than others of course. We not only looked at the buying power of the salary, we also took into account how much would automatically go on taxes and on basic living costs like accommodation.
A: And did you make allowance for state provision of things like school and healthcare?
B: We’d have liked to do this but it was too complicated at this stage. We’ll do that in our follow up study.
A: So it was the relatively high levels of taxation and property prices that pushed British senior managers down to eleventh place?
B: Hmm, that’s right. In terms of actual money received they did quite well but we got a different picture when we took everything into account. It was a similar picture for managers in some other countries in the EU.
A: So, where do senior managers enjoy the highest standard of living?
B: Well, we found the three places where high flyers enjoy the best standard of living are Hong Kong, Switzerland and Ecuador. These were followed by Germany, the USA and Chile, in that order.
A: And where do managers do least well?
B: Actually, India, Bulgaria and Vietnam came out worst for managers. They got both the worst of both worlds in a way there, with the combination of relatively low pay and high taxation.
A: So, if your ambition is to become a member of a senior management team you should try first for a job in Hong Kong?
B: Well, certainly if standard of living is your first priority.
A: Thank you very much, Mike. I’m now going to…
Внимание! Запись останавливается только после слов: This is the end of the listening tasks. После остановки записи дается время (5 минут) для перенесения ответов в листы ответов.
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