Инструкция по выполнению работы Экзаменационная
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| Раздел 2. Чтение No задания Ответ: 10 - 7153428 11 - 517236 12. 2 13.4 14.3 15.1 16.3 17.4 18.1 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика*No задания Ответ 19-ISPREPARED 20 - HADREACHED 21- WASBOILED 22- SPREAD 23- HADBEEN 24- INCREASED 25- WERECLEARED 26- INDUSTRIAL 27- ORGANIZATIONS 28- PREDOMINANTLY 29- FAVOURABLE 30- PARTIES 31- RELENTLESS 32- 2 33- 4 34- 2 35 - 3 36- 1 37 -2 38- 4 10.Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8.Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний. 1. Working Towards Secure Future 2. Scientific Center 3. Practical Information for Visitors 4. Part of the World Cultural Heritage 5. Most Interesting Buildings to See 6. Not Only Plants but Animals 7. Pursuing Noble Aim 8. Own Law Enforcement Service A. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, usually known as Kew Gardens, in Richmond upon Thames is a major London tourist attraction and a UNESCO Word Heritage site. It is located in south-west London and houses the largest and most diverse botanical and mycological collections in the world. B. Founded in 1759, Kew began as a royal garden attached to the Royal Kew Palace, home to George III and his many children. The Palace is now open to visitors, but probably the buildings most visitors come to see are the incredible glasshouses. The Palmhouse is one of the largest surviving Victorian glasshouses in the world, with over 16,000 panes of glass. The Water lily house, which contains some of the world's largest (and smallest) water lilies, is also not to be missed. C. However, Kew is more than just a garden and green space in the heart of Britain's capital city. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew covers approximately three hundred acres of land, and attracts around a million visitors every year. Its collections and laboratories illustrate the important part that plants play in our lives, and highlight the need to protect and conserve them for the benefit ofgenerations to come. Ensuring environment and biodiversity protection is one of Kew’s most important goals. D. Kew is a vital research and scientific base, with multiple research projects and partnerships stretching across the globe. A world leader in plant science, Kew employs around seven hundred people, and is home to about nineteen thousand species of living plants. Its Millennium Seed Bank at Wakehurst Place, West Sussex holds seeds from around ten percent of the world’s plant species for the benefit of humankind, curating around two billion seeds from 28,000 species of plants sourced from approximately 130 countries. E. Around eighty percent of our daily calorie intake comes from just twelve plant species. Kew’s Millennium Seed Bank’s Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change project recognises the need for greater genetic diversity in our crops and seeks to preserve food security for future generations. The project collects seeds from the wild relatives of some of our most important food crop plants whose genetic make-up can be used to breed new and useful traits back into modern agricultural crops so that they can better adapt to future climates and other threats, such a pests and diseases. F. The gardens have their own police force, Kew Constabulary, which has been in operation since 1847. Formerly known as the Royal Botanic Gardens Constabulary, it is a small, specialised constabulary of two sergeants and 12 officers, who patrol the grounds in a marked silver car. The Kew Constables are attested under section 3 of the Parks Regulation Act 1872, which gives them the same powers as the Metropolitan Police within the land belonging to the gardens. G. If you have never been to Kew Gardens, you should know that there are several ways of getting in. Kew Gardens’ visitors usually find it difficult to understand where the entrance is. Actually, Kew Gardens are accessible by a number of gates. Currently, there are four gates that are open to the public: the Elizabeth Gate, which is situated at the west end of Kew Green, and was originally called the Main Gate before being renamed in 2012 to commemorate the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II; the Brentford Gate, which faces the River Thames; the Victoria Gate (named after Queen Victoria), situated in Kew Road,which is also the location of the Visitors' Centre; and the Lion Gate, also situated in Kew Road. Ответ: A B C D E F G Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначеннымицифрами1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занеситe цифры, обозначающие соответствующиечасти предложений, в таблицу. ‘Unbelievable’: Heart Stents Fail to Ease Chest Pain A procedure used to relieve chest pain in hundreds of thousands of heart patients each year is useless for many of them, researchers reported on Wednesday. Their study focused A__________, to open blocked arteries. The devices are lifesaving when used to open arteries in patients in the throes of a heart attack. But they are most often used in patients B__________that occurs, for example, walking up a hill or going up stairs. Sometimes patients get stents when they have no pain at all, just blockages. Heart disease is still the leading killer of Americans —790,000 people have heart attacks each year —C__________. More than 500,000 heart patients worldwide have stents inserted each year D__________according to the researchers. Other estimates are far higher. The new study, published in the Lancet, E___________by countering decades of clinical experience. The findings raise questions about whether stents shouldbe used so often —or at all —to treat chest pain.Dr. David Maron, a cardiologist at Stanford University, praised the new study as “very well conducted” but saidF__________. The participants had a profound blockage but only in one artery, he noted, and they were assessed after just six weeks. “We don’t know if the conclusions apply to people with more severe disease,” Dr. Maron said. “And we don’t know if the conclusions apply for a longer period of observation.” 1.and stenting is a mainstay treatment in virtually every hospital 2.that it left some questions unanswered 3.who have a blocked artery and chest pain 4.to relieve chest pain 5.blocked coronary artery and chest pain 6.stunned leading cardiologists 7.on the insertion of stents, tiny wire cages Ответ: A B C D E F Прочитайте Текст и Выполните задания 12–18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Mobile Phones When Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, it was a revolution in communication. For the first time, people could talk to each other over great distances almost as clearly as if they were in the same room. Nowadays, though, we increasingly use Bell’s invention for taking photographs, accessing the internet or watching video clips rather than talking. Over the last two decades a new means of spoken communication has emerged: the mobile phone. The modern mobile phone is a more complex version of the two-way radio. Traditional two-way radio was a very limited means of communication. As soon as the users moved out of range of each other’s broadcast area, the signal was lost. In the 1940s, researchers began experimenting with the idea of using a number of radio masts located around the countryside to pick up signals from two-way radios. A caller would always be within range of one of the masts; when he moved too far away from one mast, the next mast would pick up the signal. (Scientists referred to each mast’s reception area as being a separate 'cell'; this is why in many countries mobile phones are called 'cell phones'). However, 1940s technology was still quite primitive, and the 'telephones' were enormous boxes which had to be transported by car. The first real mobile telephone call was made in 1973 by Dr Martin Cooper, the scientist who invented the modern mobile handset. As soon as his invention was complete, he tested it by calling a rival scientist to announce his success. Within a decade, mobile phones became available to the public. The streets of modern cities began to feature sharp-suited characters shouting into giant plastic bricks. In Britain the mobile phone quickly became synonymous with the 'yuppie', the new breed of young urban professionals who carried the expensive handsets as status symbols. Around this time many of us swore that we would never, ever own a mobile phone. But in the mid-90s, something happened. Cheaper handsets and cheaper calling rates meant that, almost overnight, it seemed that everyone had a mobile phone. And the giant plastic bricks of the 80s had evolved into smooth little objects that fitted nicely into pockets and bags. In every pub and restaurant you could hear the bleep and buzz of mobiles ringing and registering messages, occasionally breaking out into primitive versions of the latest pop songs. Cities suddenly had a new, postmodern birdsong. Moreover, people’s timekeeping changed. Younger readers will be amazed to know that, not long ago, people made spoken arrangements to meet at a certain place at a certain time. Once atime and place had been agreed, people met as agreed. Somewhere around the new millennium, this practice started to die out. Meeting times became approximate, subject to change at any moment under the new order of communication: the Short Message Service (SMS) or text message. Going to be late? Send a text message! It takes much less effort than arriving on time, and it’s much less awkward than explaining your lateness face-to-face. It’s the perfect communication method for the busy modern life style. Like email before it, the text message has altered the way we write in English, bringing more abbreviations and alaxer approach to language construction. The 160-character limit on text messages has led to a new, abbreviated version of English for fast and instantaneous communication. Traditional rules of grammar and spelling are much less important when you’re sitting on the bus, hurriedly typing 'Will B 15min late —C U @ the bar. Sorry!:-)'. Mobile phones, once the preserve of the high-powered businessperson and the 'yuppie', are now a vital part of daily life for an enormous amount of people. From schoolchildren to pensioners, every section of society has found that it’s easier to stay in touch when you’ve got a mobile. Over the last few years mobiles have become more and more advanced. Firstly, we saw the introduction of built-in cameras, global positioning devices and internet access. More recently we have witnessed the arrival of the 'third generation' of mobile phones: powerful micro-computers with broadband internet access, which will allow us to watch TV, download internet files at high speed and send instant video clips to friends. Alexander Graham Bell would be amazed if he could see how far the science of telephony has progressed in less than 150 years. If he were around today, he might say: 'That’s gr8! But I’m v busy rite now. Will call U 2nite.' 12. Why are mobile phones called cell phones in many countries? 1) They are made of special elements called cells. 2)They receive a signal within one radio mast’s cell. 3) They were given that name by their inventors. 4) The word ‘cell’ is derived from the word ‘caller’. Ответ: 13. Who received the call from the first real mobile phone in 1973? 1)Dr Martin Cooper 2)Dr Martin Cooper’s parents 3)Dr Martin Cooper’s good friend 4)Dr Martin Cooper’s competitor Ответ: 14. At first many British people swore that they would never have a mobile phone. Which of the following is NOT the reason for this? 1)First mobile phones were inconvenient to take with you. 2)They were too expensive to buy. 3)They didn’t function properly. 4)They served mostly as a status symbol. Ответ: 15. All these changes happened to mobile phones from 80s to 90s EXCEPT_____ 1)Primitive ringtones were replaced by modern pop songs. 2)The prices for mobiles phones decreased. 3)Mobile phones became smaller. 4)Mobile phones came into wider use. Ответ: 16. How has SMS influenced people’s Time keeping and communicating? 1) People no longer meet, they text to each other. 2) People have become more punctual. 3) People have become less strict concerning meeting times. 4) There is practically no influence exerted by SMS. Ответ: 17. What is the meaning of the word laxer in paragraph 7? 1) more coward 2) more accurate 3) more pragmatic 4) more careless Ответ: 18. What is the author’s attitude towards changes in mobile technologies? 1) sceptic 2) enthusiastic 3) incredulous 4) frustrated Ответ: 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 По окончании выполнения заданий 10–18 не забудьте перенести свои ответы В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ No 1! Запишите Ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания,начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 10 и 11 цифры записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительныхсимволов. Каждую цифрупишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика Прочитайте Приведённые ниже тексты.Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, Напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 19–25,так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19–25. Tours That Emphasize Adventure 19. Taking some time off from a tech job in Chicago earlier this year to contemplate a career move, Shannon Elarton______________up to visit Tanzania in May with Adventure Women, a women-only tour company, on a hunch that she might gain some perspective from her fellow travelers. 19. (SIGN) 20. She was also, she said, “__________________something deeper than you would get in a basic tour,” and got it one day when the company owner, Judi Wineland, introduced the group to 12 women from a local Masai community. 20.(CRAVE) 21. “By the time it__________, it was the biggest gift for me,” she said. “At the end of the day we all want the same things: to have work, to provide for our family, to have a family.21.(FINISH) 22. Traveling to experience such personal connections and search one’s soul________________ to women, of course. 22. (NOT TO LIMIT) 23. But a rise in the number of women - only trips, both from new companies and established ones, suggests women are keen to wander well beyond resorts__________________ girlfriend getaway packages and mother-daughter spa retreats. 23.(TOUT) 24. Not all women’s trips are adrenaline-based. Wellness retreats__________________as a springboard to more emotionally charged events such asRenew, a breakup boot camp coming Dec. 1-3 to an estate in Saugerties, N.Y. 24.(SERVE) 25.“Men_______________sporting trips and fishing trips and hunting getaways for ages and it’s finally time for women to have the equal amount of hall passes so to speak,” said Mollie Fitzgerald, the owner of Frontiers International Travel, a Gibsonia, Pa.-based travel agency. 25.(TAKE) 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами 26–31,однокоренные слова, так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26–31. Сhicago 26. Chicago, the state of Illinois, is known as The Second City, which refers to its rebuilding after the fire. The current city is__________________ the second Chicago, after the one that disappeared in 1871. 26.(LITERAL) 27. It can also refer to the city’s long-held position as the United States’__________________ city, after New York City. 27.(TWO) Today, Chicago is called as The Windy City. You might suspect that 28. Chicago got this nickname from the winds off Lake Michigan, which shove through the downtown__________________ with intense force. 28.(CORRIDOR) 29. But the true origin of the saying comes from politics. Some say it may have been coined by rivals like Cincinnati and New York as a derogatory reference to the Chicagoan_______________ political conventions. Others say that the term originated from the fact that Chicago politicians change their minds as "often as the wind." 29.(END) 30. Finally, the city is often named as The City That Works. It refers to Chicago’s labor tradition and the long hours worked by its residents, its willingness to tackle grand civic projects and to make fortunes for a__________________ few. 31.(LUCK) 31. Chicago is the home of the blues and the truth of jazz, and the heart of comedy. Here the age of railroads found its center, and airplanes followed suit. It’s a city with a swagger, but without the surliness or even the fake smiles found in other cities of______________size. 31. (IT) 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенныминомерами32–38. Эти Номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38,вкоторых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа. Paris and the wonders of a life overseasI was luckyenough to live in Paris for six months teaching English and in this short time I was able to appreciate the language, culture and brilliance of the city of light.Befriending locals is always the best way to really experience a new place, 32 ______ for the likes of Paris with so many hidden gems around every corner. It is also of course the best way to learn and eventually 33______ a language. Speak how the locals do and learn 34______ them. Cafés and bars are great places to 35______. There you can meet friends and locals, but also relax on your own and grab a drink whilst taking in the atmosphere and language that is being spoken around you. One of the best things to do in Paris is to explore the area of Montmartre. Montmartre used to be a small village 36______ the edge of Paris but is now one of its main attractions and the calling place for aspiring artists. The views of the city from the front of the Sacré Coeur are incredible and will live with you for a lifetime. Winter is a great time to see Paris as the cold air 37______ you to wrap up in your winter coat and scarf and travel the streets and take in its beauty. To add to the views there is on most days entertainment, singing, guitar and I was lucky enough to hear a professional opera singer 38______ one occasion. Единый государственный экзамен, 20 32. 1) specially 2) especially 3) namely 4) evenly Ответ: 33. 1) manage 2) know 3) obtain 4) master Ответ: 33. 1) about 2) from 3) of 4) with Ответ: 34. 1) hold on 2) go up 3) hang out 4) get off Ответ: 35.1) on 2) in 3)at 4) by Ответ : 36. 1) makes 2) gets 3) allows 4) lets Ответ: 38. 1) at 2) on 3) for 4) in Ответ: Поoкончании выполнения заданий 19–38 не забудьте перенести свои ответы в БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ No 1! Запишите ответ справа от номера соответствующего задания, начиная с первой клеточки. При переносе ответов в заданиях 19 – 31 буквы записываются без пробелов, запятых и других дополнительных символов. Каждую букву или цифру пишите в отдельной клеточке в соответствии с приведёнными в бланке образцами. Раздел 4. Письмо Раздел 2. Чтение No задания Ответ 10 - 4572183 11 - 731462 12-2 13-4 14-3 15-1 16-3 17-4 18-2 Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика * 19 - SIGNED 20- CRAVING 21- WASFINISHED 22-ISNOTLIMITED 23-TOUTING 24-HAVESERVED 25-HAVEBEENTAKING 26-LITERALLY 27-SECOND 28-CORRIDORS 29-ENDLESS 30-LUCKY 31-ITS 32- 2 33-4 34 -2 35-3 36-1 37-3 38-2 * |
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