Единый государственный экзамен по АНГЛИЙСКОМУ ЯЗЫКУ
Инструкция по выполнению работы
Экзаменационная работа по английскому языку состоит из четырех разделов, включающих 46 заданий.
Раздел 1 (Аудирование) включает 15 заданий, из которых первое – на установление соответствия и 14 заданий с выбором одного правильного ответа из трех предложенных. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение Раздела 1 – 30 минут.
Раздел 2 (Чтение) включает 9 заданий, из которых 2 задания на установление соответствия и 7 заданий с выбором одного правильного ответа из четырех предложенных. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение Раздела 2 – 30 минут.
Раздел 3 (Грамматика и лексика) включает 20 заданий, из которых 13 заданий с кратким ответом и 7 заданий с выбором одного правильного ответа из четырех предложенных. При выполнении заданий с кратким ответом вы должны самостоятельно записать ответ в соответствующем месте работы. Рекомендуемое время на выполнение Раздела 3 – 40 минут.
По окончании выполнения заданий каждого из этих разделов не забывайте переносить свои ответы в Бланк ответов №1.
Говорящий
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A
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B
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C
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D
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E
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F
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Утверждение
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Раздел 4 (Письмо) состоит из двух заданий и представляет собой небольшую письменную работу (написание личного письма и письменного высказывания с элементами рассуждения). Рекомендуемое время на выполнение этого раздела – 80 минут. Черновые пометки можно делать прямо на листе с заданиями или использовать для них отдельный черновик. Любые черновые пометки (черновик) не проверяются и не оцениваются. Оценке подлежит только вариант ответа, занесенный в Бланк ответов № 2.
Общее время проведения экзамена – 180 минут.
Рекомендуется выполнять задания в том порядке, в котором они даны. Постарайтесь выполнить как можно больше заданий и набрать наибольшее количество баллов.
Желаем успеха!
Раздел 1. Аудирование
Во время выполнения теста по аудированию перед каждым заданием дана пауза с тем, чтобы вы смогли просмотреть вопросы к заданию, а также паузы после первичного и повторного предъявления аудиотекста для внесения ответов.
Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A – F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
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B1
1.
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This invention entertains me.
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2.
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This invention guarantees contact.
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3.
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This invention helps my memory.
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4.
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This invention provides an escape.
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5.
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This invention has removed a pressure.
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6.
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This invention is always with me.
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7.
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This invention saves my time.
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Вы услышите разговор друзей. Определите, какие из приведённых утверждений (А1 – А7) соответствуют содержанию текста (1 - True), какие не соответствуют (2 - False) и о чём в тексте не сказано, то есть на основании текста нельзя дать ни положительного, ни отрицательного ответа (3 — Not stated). Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
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A1 Tim went to Italy on holidays with his parents.
1)
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True
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2)
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False
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3)
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Not stated
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A2 It’s rather dangerous to drive in Italy.
1)
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True
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2)
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False
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3)
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Not stated
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A3 The Leaning Tower looked less impressive than Tim had expected.
1)
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True
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2)
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False
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3)
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Not stated
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А4 Tim was afraid of climbing the Tower.
1)
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True
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2)
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False
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3)
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Not stated
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A5 The Old Bridge in Florence looks like the Tower Bridge in London.
1)
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True
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2)
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False
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3)
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Not stated
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A6 Tim was unable to communicate with Italians because his Italian wasn’t very good.
1)
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True
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2)
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False
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3)
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Not stated
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A7 Tim tried different kinds of pizza in Italy.
1)
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True
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2)
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False
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3)
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Not stated
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Вы услышите рассказ актера. В заданиях А8 – А14 обведите цифру 1, 2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.
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A8 Albert was born in
1)
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a wealthy family.
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2)
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a poor family.
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3)
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A9 Albert gave up school because he
wanted to start the adult life.
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hated studying.
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had to earn for living.
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A10 Albert started his acting career
1)
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on the stage
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2)
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in the cinema
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3)
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in TV programme.
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A11 Albert says that he
1)
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wants to change his modern life.
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2)
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enjoys his modern life.
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3)
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hates his modern life.
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A12 Albert usually buys
1)
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very expensive clothes.
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2)
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ordinary clothes.
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3)
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very cheap clothes.
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A13 He spends a lot of time in therapy because he wants
1)
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to be happy.
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2)
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to treat his disease.
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3)
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to be better in his profession.
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A14 Albert wants to have plastic surgery because he would like to
1)
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make his face better.
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2)
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change his appearance.
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3)
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look younger.
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Раздел 2. Чтение
B2
Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок – лишний. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.
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1.
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Capital Punishment
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5.
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Frightening Changes
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2.
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Shoplifting
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6.
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Long-Term Effect
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3.
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Crime Prevention
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7.
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Virtual Crime
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4.
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Kidnapping
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8.
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Guilty or Not Guilty?
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A. The presumption of innocence is a legal right that the accused in criminal trials has in many modern countries. The burden of proof is thus on the prosecution. It has to collect and present enough compelling evidence to convince the jury of the fact that beyond a reasonable doubt the accused has broken the law. In case of remaining doubts, the accused is to be acquitted.
B. Sarah and Lisa always enjoyed hanging out at the mall. But one Saturday, after shopping for jeans , Sara pulled a new shirt out of her bag. Lisa didn’t remember seeing her buy it. ‘I didn’t,’ Sarah told her. ‘I lifted it.’ Lisa was upset and puzzled. Stealing didn’t seem like something Sarah would do. Sometimes people do not realize the consequences of this crime.
C. Even families living in so-called ‘safe’ neighbourhoods are concerned. They may feel safe today, but there is always a reminder that violence can intrude at any moment. Polly Klaas and her family no doubt felt safe in Petaluma, California. But on October 1, 1993, she was abducted from her suburban home during a sleepover. If she can be abducted and murdered, so can nearly any other child.
D. The Internet is a great place to find information, make friends, keep in touch with others, and do business. There always are other sides as long as there is a criminal element. As our world becomes more computerized and even more interconnected, different kinds of computer crimes will continue to grow. These include break-ins of computers to get trade secrets or illegal entry for the thrill and challenge.
E. Movie violence these days is louder and bloodier than ever before. When a bad guy was shot in a black-and-white Western, the most we saw was a puff of smoke and a few drops of fake blood. Now the sights, sounds, and special effects often jar us more than the real thing. Slow motion and pyrotechnics conspire to make movies and TV shows more gruesome than ever.
F. University of Illinois psychologist Leonard Eron studied children at age eight and then again at eighteen. He found that television habits established at the age of eight influenced aggressive behaviour through childhood and adolescent years. The more violent were the programs preferred by boys in the third grade , the more aggressive was their behaviour, both at that time and ten years later.
G. In the debate about execution and human dignity, supporters and opponents of the death penalty have found very little common ground. Since the 18th century, those who wish to abolish the death penalty have stressed the significance of requiring governments to recognize the importance of each individual. However, supporters of this penal practice see nothing wrong with governments deliberately killing terrible people who commit terrible crimes.
B3
Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A–F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1–7. Одна из частей в списке 1–7 лишняя. Занесите цифру, обозначающую соответствующую часть предложения, в таблицу.
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Reality television is a genre of television programming which, it is claimed,
presents unscripted dramatic or humorous situations and features ordinary people rather than professional actors. It could be described A__________. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, B__________.
Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows to surveillance-focused productions such as Big Brother. Critics say that the term ‘reality television’ is somewhat of a misnomer C__________. The participants of these shows are often put in exotic locations or abnormal situations and are sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, whereas the events on screen are manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques.
Part of reality television’s appeal is D__________. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, mainly in talent and performance pragrammes such as Pop Idol, E__________.
Some commentators have said that the name ‘reality television’ is an inaccurate description for several styles of programme included in the genre. In competition-based programmes such as Big Brother and the Real World, producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, F__________. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts.
the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000
though frequently Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity
that is rather popular with teenagers
because such shows frequently portray a modified and highly influenced form of reality
as a form of artificial documentary
creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out
due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations
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A15 – A21
Прочитайте текст и выполните задания А15 – А21. В каждом задании обведите цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.
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The evidence for harmony in the family may not be obvious in some households. But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents, which is the opposite of the popularly-held image of sullen teenagers locked in their room after endless family rows.
An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly reveals that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past: more than half of 13 to 18-year-olds get on with their brothers and sisters; and one in three has not argued with their parents during the past twelve months. Eighty-five per cent of 13 to 18-year-olds agree with the statement 'I'm happy with my family life,' while a majority said their lives were 'happy', 'fun' and 'carefree'. Only one in ten said they definitely did not get on with their parents.
'We were surprised by just how positive today's young people seem to be about their families,' said one member of the research team. 'They're expected to be rebellious and selfish but actually they have other things on their minds; they want a car and material goods, and they worry about whether school is serving them well. There's more negotiation and discussion between parents and children, and children expect to participate in the family decision-making process. They don't want to rock the boat.'
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends rather than subordinates. There are actual statements to back this up. 'My parents are happy to discuss things with me and make compromises,' says 17-year-old Daniel Lazall. 'I always tell them when I'm going out clubbing, or which girl I'm going out with. As long as they know what I'm doing, they're fine with it.'
Susan Crome, who is now 21, agrees. 'Looking back on the last ten years, there was a lot of what you could call negotiation... or you might have called it bribery. But as long as I'd done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night. But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that. I don't think they were that flexible with their children.' But maybe this positive view of family life should not be unexpected. It is possible that ideas of adolescence being a difficult time are not rooted in real facts. A psychologist comments, 'Our surprise that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were identified as different beings. But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s when everyone rebelled. The normal situation throughout history has been a smooth transition from helping out with the family business to taking it over.'
'The present generation has grown up in a period of economic growth, and as a result teenagers appear to believe much more in individualism and self-reliance than in the past. That has contributed to their confidence in the fairness of life, and thus to a general peace within the family unit.'
But is life really fair? Nine out of ten young people think 'if you work hard enough, you will get just rewards.' However, some recognized that this was not actually inevitable — and not always fair. 'If you have fewer opportunities and live in an inner city,' one 15-year-old boy told researchers, 'you've got to work 110 per cent. Otherwise you can work 50 per cent and get away with it.'
But greater family stability has to be a good place for young people to start out in life, and the findings of the study support this. In spite of some gloomy forecasts about the decline of the family, the future looks good!
A15 The most important result of the study into teenage attitudes is that
1) it confirms previous findings.
2) it gives actual figures for its results.
3) it shows that most teenagers do not get on with their parents.
4) it identifies unexpected facts about family relationships.
A16 The research team was surprised that young people today
worry about being rebellious.
think that education is important.
do not negotiate with their parents.
discuss things with their friends.
A17 According to the results of the survey, parents today differ from their own parents because they
listen to what their children say.
talk to their children more than before.
respect their children more as equals.
always compromise with their children.
A18 Daniel Lazall and Susan Crome
have very different opinions about parents.
could both negotiate with their parents.
had no limits placed on what they were allowed to do.
are both irresponsible.
A19 The writer says that 'the positive view of family life should not be unexpected' because
a happy family is the normal situation.
our surprise comes from a specific time in the past.
parents allow children a lot of freedom nowadays.
children can be bribed to behave well.
A20 What do some young people think about life today?
It always gives everyone a fair chance.
Making money is the most important goal.
Some people have to work longer than others.
Not everyone has equal opportunities.
A21 The purpose of the article is to
help people improve family relationships.
show young people how to choose a career.
demonstrate that popular ideas about relationships may be false.
suggest ways of educating children in developing relationships.
По окончании выполнения заданий В2, В3 и А15 – А21 НЕ ЗАБУДЬТЕ ПЕРЕНЕСТИ СВОИ ОТВЕТЫ В БЛАНК ОТВЕТОВ № 1! ОБРАТИТЕ ВНИМАНИЕ, что ответы на задания В2, В3 и А15 – А21 располагаются в разных частях бланка.
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Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика
Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте, если необходимо, слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В4–В10 так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы В4–В10.
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My First Time Online
B4
My first internet experience was back in 1997 when the
Internet __________________ accessible to the public.
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MAKE
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B5
I had some experience in computing as I __________________ a couple of computer classes before.
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TAKE
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B6
When the Internet became even __________________, I could no longer resist buying my own computer and getting online.
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POPULAR
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B7
I was so excited when I __________________ the computer home that I just couldn’t wait to set it up and start surfing the web! The setting up was quite easy but I still couldn’t get online.
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BRING
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B8
I had to call the service provider and establish a dial-up service first. Luckily, that __________________ very long. I was able to get online within a few hours.
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NOT TAKE
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B9
You wouldn’t believe what happened next. I found out that the monitor wasn’t working properly. It had black horizontal lines running through. While I __________________ to fix it, the screen went completely black. I went to exchange the monitor the following day, and my real first internet experience began.
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TRY
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B10
Now I am in my final year at university and I can’t imagine my life without the Internet or e-mail. I hope that as I grow older my knowledge and experience with computers _______________ as technology advances.
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EXPAND
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Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами в конце строк, обозначенных номерами В11–B16, однокоренные слова, так чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы
В11–В16.
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Florida
B11
When the famous explorer, Columbus claimed Florida for Spain in 1492, he had never laid eyes on it. The area’s most important early __________________ thus set a pattern that has continued for centuries.
| VISIT |
B12
There is a general belief amongst people, apparently quite __________________ with whether or not they’ve been there themselves, that Florida is a good place to go.
| CONNECT |
B13
In fact, it is almost impossible not to enjoy yourself in Florida today, given the wonderful __________________ of facilities available to tourists.
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SELECT
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B14
Some of the world’s most popular tourist attractions are located in the state whose __________________ beaches welcome 40 million people each year.
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SAND
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B15
These days it seems _________________ to describe Florida’s geography and climate.
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POINT
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B16
After all, few people would have __________________in finding it on a map and most would know what weather to expect there.
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DIFFICULT
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Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами А22–А28. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям А22–А28, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Обведите номер выбранного вами варианта ответа.
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What a Trick!
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